1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Mulgrave, Earldom of

MULGRAVE, EARLDOM OF, a title dating from 1626, when Edmund Sheffield, 3rd Baron Sheffield of Butterwicke, was created earl of Mulgrave. He was succeeded by his grandson Edmund, the 2nd earl, who was one of the nine true peers who sat in Oliver Cromwell’s House of Lords. Edmund’s son John, 3rd earl, was created marquess of Normanby in 1694, and duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703; but on the death of his son, the 2nd duke, without heirs in 1735, the titles became extinct. The 2nd duke devised the estates of the Sheffield family to his mother Catherine, a natural daughter of James II., who had married as her first husband the 3rd earl of Annesley, by whom she had a daughter Catherine, who married William Phipps and had a son Constantine Phipps. The latter succeeded to the estate of Mulgrave in Yorkshire in 1743 on the death of his grandmother, and in 1767 he was created Baron Mulgrave of New Ross in the peerage of Ireland. His son was created a peer of Great Britain in 1790 with the title of Baron Mulgrave of Mulgrave; and the latter’s brother Henry, the next in succession, who was secretary of state for foreign affairs in 1805 and held other high government offices, was created Viscount Normanby and earl of Mulgrave in 1812. The 2nd earl of this creation, who like his father held several high cabinet offices, was advanced in the peerage at the coronation of Queen Victoria, being created marquess of Normanby in 1838.