1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Plymouth, Earls of

PLYMOUTH, EARLS OF, a title first borne by Charles (1657–1680), an illegitimate son of the English king Charles II. by Catharine Pegge, who was created earl in 1675. The title became extinct on his death in October 1680. In 1682 Thomas Windsor Hickman-Windsor, 7th Baron Windsor de Stanwell (c. 1627–1687), who had fought for Charles I. at Naseby, was created earl of Plymouth. His father was Dixie Hickman of Kew, Surrey, and his mother, Elizabeth, was a sister of Thomas Windsor, 6th Baron Windsor de Stanwell (1596–1641); having inherited the estates of his uncle and taken the additional name of Windsor, the abeyance of the barony of Windsor de Stanwell was terminated in his favour and he became the 7th baron. From 1661–1663 he was nominally governor of Jamaica. His grandson Other (1679–1725) was the 2nd earl, and the earldom became extinct when Henry, the 8th earl, died in December 1843. Called again out of abeyance, the barony of Windsor came in 1855 to Harriet, a daughter of Other Archer, the 6th earl (1789–1833), and the wife of Robert Henry Clive (1789–1854), a younger son of Edward Clive, 1st earl of Powis. She was succeeded in 1869 by her grandson, Robert George Windsor-Clive, who became the 14th Baron Windsor. After serving as paymaster-general in 1891–1892 and first commissioner of works from 1902–1905, Lord Windsor was created earl of Plymouth in 1905.