1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Robert of Jumiéges

ROBERT OF JUMIEGES (d. c. 1070), archbishop of Canterbury, was a Norman who became prior of St Ouen at Rouen and then abbot of ]umiéges. A close friend of the future king of England, Edward the Confessor, he crossed over to England with Edward in' 1042, and in 1044 became bishop .of London. In English history Robert appears as the most trusted and the most prominent of the kingis foreign friends, and as the leader of the party hostile to the influence of Earl Godwine. In 1051, although the chapter had already made an election, 'Edward appointed him archbishop of Canterbury. He seems to have been sent by the king on an errand to Duke William of Normandy, and on the return of Godwine from exile in 1052 he fled in great haste from England. He was outlawed and deposed, and he died at ]umiéges about 1070. The treatment of Robert by the English was put forward by William the Conqueror as a pretext for invading England.

See Two Saxon Chronicles, edited by J. Earle and C. Plummer (Oxford, 1892); and E. A. Freeman, History of the Norman Conquest (Oxford, 1870–76).