1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Schmoller, Gustav

SCHMOLLER, GUSTAV (1838-       ), German political economist, was born at Heilbronn on the 24th of June 1838. He studied political science, philosophy and history at the university of Tübingen from 1857 to 1861, when he obtained an appointment at the Württemberg Statistical Department. In 1864 Schmoller became extraordinary — and in the following year, ordinary — professor of political economy and science at Halle, was transferred in a like capacity to Strasburg in 1872 and finally in 1882 to Berlin. In 1884 he was admitted a member of the Prussian Staatsrath, in 1887 a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences, and in 1899 was called to the Prussian Herrenhaus (Upper Chamber) as representative of the university of Berlin. Schmoller is famous for his researches in the field of the history of political economy and is one of the founders of the Verein für Social Politik (Social Political Society).

Among his numerous scientific works must be specially mentioned: Der französiche Handelsvertrag und seine Gegner (1862); Zur Geschichte des deutschen Kleingewerbes im 19ten Jahrhundert (1869); Über einige Grundfragen des Rechts und der Volkswirtschaft (1875). In late years Schmoller concentrated his attention more upon the history of Prussian administration, and besides editing the Jahrbuch für preussische Geschichte und Landeskunde, published the result of his labours in this department in the Umrisse und Untersuchungen zur Verfassungs-, Verwaltungs- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, besonders des preussischen Staates, im 17ten und 18ten Jahrhundert (1898).

For an estimate of Schmoller's work cf. Stampfer, Gustav Schmoller (1901).