1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Stahl, Georg Ernst

STAHL, GEORG ERNST (1660-1734), German chemist and physician, was born on the 21st of October 1660 at Anspach. Having graduated in medicine at Jena in 1683, he became court physician to the duke of Weimar in 1687. From 1694 to 1 7 16 he held the chair of medicine at Halle, and was then ap- pointed physician to the king of Prussia in Berlin, where he died on the 14th of May 1734. In chemistry he is chiefly known in connexion with his doctrine of phlogiston, the essentials of which, however, he owed to J. J. Becher; and he also propounded a view of fermentation which in some respects resembles that supported by Liebig a century and half later. In medicine he professed an animistic system, in opposition to the material- ism of Hermann Boerhaave and Friedrich Hoffmann.

The most important of his numerous writings are Zymotechnia fundamentals sive fermentationis theoria generalis (1697), which contains the phlogistic hypothesis; Specimen Becherianum (1702); Experimenta, observationes, animadver stones . . . chymicae et physicae (1731); Theoria medica vera (1707); Ars sanandi cum expectatione (173°)-