1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Tarbush

TARBUSH (Arab tarbüsh), the close-fitting, flat-topped and brimless cap, in shape like a truncated cone, made of felt or cloth, worn by Mahommedan men throughout the East either as a separate headgear or forming the inner part of the turban. It is worn as the badge of a Turkish subject in Turkey and Egypt, where it is red in colour with a black or blue silk tassel. It is the same as the “fez” (see the plate illustrations to India: § Indian Costume).