1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Upper Sind Frontier

UPPER SIND FRONTIER, a district of British India, in the Sind province of Bombay, with administrative headquarters at Jacobabad. Area, 2621 sq. m. In the north-east the country is hilly; the remainder consists of a narrow strip of level plain, one half being covered with jungle and subject to inundation, from which it is protected by artificial embankments. The land is watered by canals from the Indus, of which the chief are the Begari and Desert canals. The district contains several thriving timber plantations. The climate is remarkable for its dryness and for its extraordinary variations of temperature. The annual rainfall at Jacobabad averages less than 5 in. In 1901 the population was 232,045, showing an increase of no less than 33% in the decade, chiefly due to immigration from Baluchistan. The principal crops are millets, oil-seeds, pulses, wheat and rice. The internal trade is principally in grain, the greater part of which is sent to the sea-board; the transit trade from Central Asia into Sind crosses the district, bringing wool and woollen goods, fruits, carpets and horses. The district is crossed by the Quetta branch of the North-Western railway. The wild Baluchi inhabitants were pacified by General John Jacob between 1847 and his death in 1858.