1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Walsh, William

WALSH, WILLIAM (1663–1708), English poet and critic, son of Joseph Walsh of Abberley, Worcestershire, was born in 1663. He entered Wadham College, Oxford, as a gentleman commoner in 1678. Leaving the university without a degree, he settled in his native county, and was returned M.P. for Worcester in 1698, 1701 and 1702. In 1705 he sat for Richmond, Yorkshire. On the accession of Queen Anne he was made “gentleman of the horse,” a post which he held till his death, noted by Narcissus Luttrell on the 18th of March 1708. He wrote a Dialogue concerning Women, being a Defence of the Sex (1691), addressed to “Eugenia”, and Letters and Poems, Amorous and Gallant (preface dated 1692, printed in Jonson’s Miscellany, 1716, and separately, 1736); love lyrics designed, says the author, to impart to the world “the faithful image of an amorous heart.” It is not as a poet, however, but as the friend and correspondent of Pope that Walsh is remembered. Pope’s Pastorals were submitted for his criticism by Wycherley in 1705, and Walsh then entered on a direct correspondence with the young poet. The letters are printed in Pope’s Works (ed. Elwin and Courthope, vi. 49-60). Pope, who visited him at Abberley in 1707, set great value upon his opinion. “Mr Walsh used to tell me,” he says, “that there was one way left of excelling; for though we had several great poets, we never had any one great poet that was correct, and he desired me to make that my study and my aim.” The excessive eulogy accorded both by Dryden and Pope to Walsh must be accounted for partly on the ground of personal friendship. The life of Virgil prefixed to Dryden’s translation, and a “Preface to the Pastorals with a short defence of Virgil, against some of the reflections of Monsieur Fontenella,” both ascribed at one time to Walsh, were the work of Dr Knightly Chetwood (1650–1720). In 1704 Walsh collaborated with Sir John Vanbrugh and William Congreve in Monsieur de Pourceaugnac, or Squire Trelooby, an adaptation of Molière’s farce.

Walsh’s Poems are included in Anderson’s and other collections of the British poets. See The Lives of the Poets, vol. iii. pp. 151 et seq., published 1753 as by Theophilus Cibber.