A Dictionary of Music and Musicians/Lebhaft
Appearance
LEBHAFT, i.e. lively, the German equivalent for Vivace. Beethoven uses it, during his temporary preference for German terms, in Sonata op. 101, where we find the two directions 'Etwas lebhaft' etc. and 'Lebhaft, marschmässig,' which is exactly equivalent to 'Vivace à la marcia.' Schumann uses it constantly; 'Äusserst lebhaft' is Vivacissimo.
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