A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature/מפרע - מצדא
מפרע m. (פרע) upsetting; למ׳ (adv.; cmp. הפך) 1) ir- regularly, out of order. Meg. II, 1 למ׳ . . הקורא he who reads the Book of Esther in an irregular way (corresp. to סירוסין, ib. 18b top). Ib. 17a (ref. te Esth. IX, 27) זמנם מה לא למ׳ כתבם אף לא למ׳ as you cannot disregard the order of these days in celebrating their season, so you must not transpose the order in which the events of these days are described. Ib. (ref. to Esth. IX, 28) לא למ׳ עשייה מה לא למ׳ זכירה אף as you cannot subvert the celebration, so you must not subvert the order of recitation. Ber. 13a; Sot. 32b; a. e. -- 2) backward, retroactively, retrom- spectively, opp. ולהבא מכאן. Snh. 27a נפסל הוא למ׳ he ber- comes disqualified as witness retroactively, i. e. his tes- timonies are invalidated from the time that he perjured himself (opp. ולהבא מיכן, v. בא III). Erub. 37b, sq.. . ונמצא למ׳ and the retroactive result would be that he drank untithed wine at the time; Y. Dem. VII, 26b למפרעו. Y. Gitt. III, end, 45b חומן נעשה הוא למפרעו is it to be considered as sour wine at the fime, l. e. from the day that he was bound to examine it? Tosef. Sot. XI, 99 . . ממנה לכ׳ . . count thirty-three days backward. Gen. R. s. 49 למ׳ בך חזור take up the argument going back gradually (from fifty to forty-five &c.); a. fr. -- Tosef. Ber. IV, 19, sq. למ׳ לברך to say the blessing after meal, opp. לכתחלה); Pes. 101b.
מפרעתא f. (פרע I) tearing open, esp. (sub. בית) the place of the abdommen which the butcher strikes when tearing the peritoneum. Hull. 50b (expl. הפנימי כרס) כ׳ (some ed. מפרעהה).
מפרק m. (פרק; cmp. פרק) joint. - Pl. constr. מפרקי. Naz. 52b וכ׳ ידים מ׳ the joints of arms and legs.
מפרקת f. (b. h.; preced.; cmp. אפקותא) [that which branches of,] neck, nape. Hull. 113a וכ׳ מפרקתה השובר he who breaks the neck of a slaughtered animal before it is dead. Zeb. 65b ומ׳ שדרה חותך he cuts (with his nail) the spinal column and the nape; Hull. 21a; 28a. Ib. 10b (in hald. Gict. דמ׳איפגים בעצם the knife may have been notched on striking the neck-bone; a. fr.
מפרש m. (v. פרש) one who undertakes a voyage. Gitt. VI, 5 וכ׳ והיוצא המ׳ one who starts for a sea voyage or a caravan journey. -- Pl. מפרשים. -- הים מפרשי, ימים מ׳ sea-ffarers. Y. Sabb. II, beg. 4a, a. e. ימים מ׳ כל על חיזרתי I went around inquiring of all sea-faring people; (Bab. ib. 20)b ימא נחותי). -- [In later Hebr. מ׳ commmentator.]
מפשוטיתא f. (פשט; v. פישוט) stretching out hands and feet, prostration at prayers (whh. השתחויה). Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43a top וכ׳ וערובתא דתעניתא מ׳ the prostration on fast days (that it must not be done on stone foors, v. ib., a. Meg. 22b), and the arrangement of the calendar with regard to the seventh day of Succoth (that it should not fall on the Sabbath), v. צרבתא; Y. Shebi. I, 33b bot.; Y. Succ. IV, beg. 54b מפשיטו׳.
מפתח m. (b. h.; פתח) opening, entrance. Mikv.VIII, 1 למ׳ חון (Var. לפתה) outside of the (town) gate; Tosef. ib. VI, 1 (R. S. to Mikv. l. c. פתה). -- Pesik. R. s. 37 שפתיו מפתח וכ׳ the opening of his lips is blessing and peace. Sabb. XV, 2 Xב. cc הלב מ׳ שני בין. דומה יה״ר man's evil inclination resembles a fly and is seated between the two valves of the heart; Yalk. Koh. 979; Yalk. Gen. 38. -- חלוק מ׳, v. supra. מפח cb. same, opeaitg. Targ. Ez. XXIX, 21.
מפתח m. (פתח, Pi. 2) 1) engraver, sculptor. - Pl. מפתהים. Kel. XXIX, 5 אבנים מפתחי של מקבת the sculp- ttors' mallet (contrad. to סתתת stone-cutter). -- 2) seal-ring. Tosef. Sabb. IV (V), 11 שבאצבעה מ׳; Sabb. 62b שבידה מ׳ (corresp. to חותם עליה שיש טבעת, ib. VI, 3).
מפתח, מפתיח c. (b. h.; פתה) key. Kel. XIV, s, v. ארכובה. Bech. 45a. Taan. 2a, sq.; a. fr. -- Pl. מפתחות, מפתיחות. Tam. III, 6. Taan. l. c.; a. fr.
מפתחא ch. same. Targ. Jud. III, 25. Targ. Is. XXII, 22. Targ. Y. Deut. XXVIII, 12; a. e. -- Y. Bets. I, 60c bot., v. פלומטרין; a. e. -- Midr. Sam. ch. VII וכ׳ במגדל יהיב מ׳ the key (of the Oollege, i. e. Resh Lakish, the chief arguer, v. infra) is in Migdal Z.; Y. Hor. III, beg. 47a מ׳ ואנ (e ;ואן הו) and where is the key ; Y. Snh. II, 20a top (incorrect version). -- Pl. מפתחין, מפתחיא, חייה. . . Targ. Y. Deut. l.. c. - Y. Sabb. XIX, 16d bot. -- Trnsf. מפתחא גברא, or מפתחה a scholar that opens the discussion, arguer. Y. Sabb. I, 3a bot., a. e. מ׳ ג׳ דהוא . . . . אנן לית we must not heed what is reported in behalf of R. Shesheth, for he is an arguer, i. e. brings matters up for mere argument sake; Yalk. Ps. 735 מ׳ דההוא (read; דהוא).
מפן m. (b. h.) threshold. Ab. Zar. 41b; Y. ib. III, 42d top וכ׳ יותר במ׳ נהגו (sub. קדושה) they revered the threshold more than the Dagon; a. e. -- Pl. מפתנות. Ib. עשו ישראל מ׳ כמה the Israelites worshipped many thresholds.
מ, מצא, v. מוץ, מוצא.
מצא, מצא, v. מצי I.
מצבא m., מצבתא f. (נצב) plant, set. Targ. Is. V, 2 מצב (ed. Lag. מצב). -- Pl. מצבתא. Targ. Mic. I, 6 מצבת (ed. Wil. מכבת, ed. Lag. גצבת).
מצבה f. (b. h.; יצב) array, general assembly. Tanh. Nitsab. 1 (ref. to Deut. XXIX, 9) וכ׳ מ׳ משה עשאן מה מפני why did Moses call them for a general meeting? Because they were to be handed over from one administration to another.
מצבה f. (b. h.; יצב) pillar, statue, monument. Sifra. K'dosh. introd. (idols are named) עומדים שהם מפני מ׳ malsebah, because they are made to stand. Sifre Deut. 146 (ref. to Deut. XVI, 22) וכ׳ שאהובה מ׳ ומה if the erec- tion of a pillar which was loved (of the Lord) in the fathers, is hateful in the descendants &c. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 44a top מ׳ איזוהי, v. יחידי; a. fr.
מצבייתא, v. מצוביתא.
מצד, p מצדות, v. מצודה.
מצדא I, מצדתא f.(צוד) ne.trop Targ.Jer.XLVIII.