A grammar of the Bohemian or Čech language

by William Richard Morfill

A GRAMMAR

OF THE

BOHEMIAN OR ČECH

LANGUAGE

BY

W. R. MORFILL, M.A.

READER IN RUSSIAN AND THE OTHER SLAVONIC LANGUAGES IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ROYAL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF BOHEMIA

Oxford

AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

1899

CONTENTS

	PAGE
Introduction	v
I. Phonology.
The Alphabet	1
The Consonants	3
II. Accidence.
(1) INFLECTED PARTS OF SPEECH:-
The Noun	5
First Declension: a-stems	6
Second Declension: o-stems	9
Third Declension: Feminines in a and e	10
Fourth Declension: u-stems	11
Fifth Declension: i-stems	11
Sixth Declension: Consonantal Stems	12
(1) v-stems	12
(2) n-stems:-
(a) Masculine	12
(b) Neuter	13
(3) s-stems	14
(4) t-stems	15
(5) r-stems	15
The Adjective	16
Comparison of Adjectives	19
všecek or všechen, all	20

Lxiv CONTENTS

PAGE

Numerals :

(1) Cardinal 20

(2) Ordinal . . .21

The Hours of the Day 23

Fractions of Numerals 23

Collective Numerals 23

The Pronoun :

The Personal Pronoun 24

The Reflexive Pronoun 25

Possessive Pronouns ....... 26

Demonstrative Pronouns 27

Relative and Interrogative Pronouns .... 28

Indefinite Pronouns 29

The Verb 30

The Prepositional Prefixes 31

(1) The Infinitive Stem 34

The Aspects of the Verb 34

(2) The Present Stem 36

A. Conjugation with the Present Suffix :

First Class. Stems without Connecting Vowel :

(1) Those inland/ 37

(2) Those in s 37

(3) Those in b and v 38

(4) Those in h and k 38

(5) Those in m and , nasal stems . . 39

(6) Those in r and l..... 39

(7) Those which end in a vowel . . .40

Second Class. Stems with Connecting Vowel:

na-stems ....... 41

Third Class. Stems with Connecting Vowel <? :

First Group ....... 41

Second Group . . . . . .42

Fourth Class. Stems with Connecting Vowel / 42 Fifth Class. Stems with Connecting Vowel a:—

First Group 43

Second Group . . . . . . 43

Third Group 44

Fourth Group 45

Sixth Class, ova (u-a) stems .... 45

B. Conjugation without the Present Suffix:—

(1) věd, to know 45

(2) dad, to give 46

(3) jad, to eat 46

(4) jes, to be 46

Voice, Mood, Tense, &c .46

The Conditional Mood 47

Impersonal Verbs .....*. 48

Reflexive Verbs 49

Irregular Verbs . . 49

The Substantive Verb, býti, to be . . , 52

Paradigm of the Tenses of a Regular Verb . . 54

Participles 56

(2) UNINFLECTED PARTS OF SPEECH:—

The Adverb . . . 56

Prepositions 59

Conjunctions . -63

Interjections 63

III. Syntax.

The Concords 64

The Noun 64

The Verb:—

The Sequence of the Tenses 67

Purpose 67

Order of Words in a Sentence 68

Passages to be translated into Bohemian ... 70

Some Bohemian Phrases 123

Selected Passages 127