Author:Christian Georgievich Rakovsky
Works
[edit]- British Property in Russia (1925)
- Roumania and Bessarabia (1925) IA
Some or all works by this author are in the public domain in the United States because they were published before January 1, 1929.
This author died in 1941, so works by this author are in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 82 years or less. These works may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
Some or all works by this author are in the public domain in Russia (Article 1281 of the Russian Civil Code; Article 6 of Federal Law 231-FZ from December 18, 2006) because:
- they were published anonymously or under a pseudonym before January 1, 1943 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication (before January 1, 1993), or
- they were published anonymously or under a pseudonym after January 1, 1943, and the name of the author did not become known during 70 years after publication (as of 2024, this applies to works published before January 1, 1954), or
- the work is non-amateur cinema or television film (or shots or fragments from it), which was first shown between January 1, 1929 and January 1, 1954 (over 70 years ago), or
- the creator died over 74 years ago (before January 1, 1950), or
- the creator died over 70 years ago (before January 1, 1954) and did not fight in or work during the Great Patriotic War (June 22, 1941–May 9, 1945).
If the author was subjected to repression and rehabilitated posthumously, countdown of copyright protection begins not from the death date, but from the rehabilitation date. If the work was first published posthumously, the copyright term is counted from the date of that first publication, unless the author was later rehabilitated, in which case it runs again from that later rehabilitation date.
Some or all works by this author are also in the public domain in the United States because they were first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), and they were first published before 1989 without complying with U.S. copyright formalities (renewal and/or copyright notice) and they were in the public domain in Russia on the URAA date (January 1, 1996). This is the combined effect of Russia having joined the Berne Convention in 1995, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.
The critical dates for copyright in the United States are January 1, 1943 for anonymous works; January 1, 1922 if the creator fought in the Great Patriotic War; January 1, 1926 otherwise.
The author died in 1941 and was rehabilitated posthumously in 1988.
This author died in 1941, so works by this author are in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 82 years or less. These works may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse