Copyright Act 1987 (Singapore)
Appearance
REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE
ACTS SUPPLEMENT
Published by Authority
NO. 3]
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 20
[1987
First published in the Government Gazette, Electronic Edition, 20th February 1987 at 5:00 pm.
The following Act was passed by Parliament on 26th January 1987 and assented to by the President on 14th February 1987:—
COPYRIGHT ACT 1987
(No. 2 of 1987)
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
PART I PRELIMINARY | |
Section | |
---|---|
1. | Short title and commencement |
2. | Application |
3. | Application to the Government |
4. | Copyright not to subsist except by virtue of this Act |
5. | Savings of rights of the Government, etc |
6. | Operation of other laws |
PART II INTERPRETATION | |
7. | Interpretation |
8. | Residence |
9. | Acts comprised in copyright |
10. | Acts done in relation to substantial part of work or other subject-matter deemed to be done in relation to the whole |
11. | References to acts done with licence of owner of copyright |
12. | References to partial assignment of copyright |
13. | Libraries established or conducted for profit |
14. | Names under which work is published |
15. | Reproduction of works |
16. | Provisions relating to the making of a work or other subject-matter |
17. | Computer storage |
18. | Sound recordings and records |
19. | References to sounds and visual images embodied in an article |
20. | Provisions relating to broadcasting |
21. | Cable programmes |
22. | Performance |
23. | Performance of works or other subject-matter by students, etc |
24. | Publication |
25. | Ownership of copyright for particular purposes |
PART III COPYRIGHT IN ORIGINAL LITERARY, DRAMATIC, MUSICAL AND ARTISTIC WORKS | |
Division 1—Nature, Duration and Ownership of Copyright in Works | |
26. | Nature of copyright in original works |
27. | Original works in which copyright subsists |
28. | Duration of copyright in original works |
29. | Duration of copyright in anonymous and pseudonymous work |
30. | Ownership of copyright in original works |
Division 2—Infringement of Copyright in Works | |
31. | Infringement by doing acts comprised in the copyright |
32. | Infringement by importation for sale or hire |
33. | Infringement by sale and other dealings |
34. | Infringing copies made on machines installed in libraries and archives |
Division 3—Acts not Constituting Infringements of Copyright Works | |
35. | Fair dealing for purpose of research or study |
36. | Fair dealing for purpose of criticism or review |
37. | Fair dealing for purpose of reporting current events |
38. | Reproduction for purpose of judicial proceedings or professional advice |
39. | Back-up copy of computer program |
40. | Inclusion of works in collections for use by educational institutions |
Division 4—Acts not Constituting Infringements of Copyright in Literary, Dramatic and Musical Works | |
41. | Reading or recitation in public or for a broadcast |
42. | Religious performances |
43. | Reproduction for purpose of broadcasting |
Division 5—Copying of Works in Libraries | |
44. | Interpretation |
45. | Copying by libraries and archives for users |
46. | Copying by libraries or archives for other libraries or archives |
47. | Copying of unpublished works in libraries or archives |
48. | Copying of works for preservation and other purposes |
49. | Publication of unpublished works kept in libraries |
50. | Application of Division to illustrations accompanying articles and other works |
Division 6—Copying of Works in Educational Institutions | |
51. | Multiple copying of insubstantial portions of works |
52. | Multiple copying under statutory licence by educational institutions |
53. | Application of Division to illustrations accompanying articles and other works |
Division 7—Copying of Works in Institution Assisting Handicapped Readers | |
54. | Multiple copying under statutory licence by institutions assisting handicapped readers |
Division 8—Recording of Musical Works | |
55. | Interpretation |
56. | Conditions upon which manufacturer may make records of musical work |
57. | Amount of royalty |
58. | Provisions relating to royalty where two or more works are on the one record |
59. | Revision of royalty and minimum royalty |
60. | Conditions upon which manufacturer may include part of a literary or dramatic work in a record of a musical work |
61. | Making inquiries in relation to previous records |
62. | Application of Division in relation to record of part of a work |
Division 9—Acts not Constituting Infringements of Copyright in Artistic Works | |
63. | Sculptures and certain other works in public places |
64. | Buildings and models of buildings |
65. | Incidental filming or televising of artistic works |
66. | Publication of artistic works |
67. | Artistic works included in a cable programme |
68. | Reproduction for purpose of including work in television broadcast or cable programme |
69. | Reproduction of work in different dimensions |
70. | Special exception for artistic works which have been industrially applied |
71. | Reproduction of part of work in later work |
72. | Reconstruction of buildings |
Division 10—Designs | |
73. | Interpretation |
74. | Special exception in respect of industrial design |
Division 11—Works of Joint Authorship | |
75. | References to all of joint authors |
76. | References to any one or more of joint authors |
77. | References to whichever of joint authors died last |
78. | Works of joint authorship published under pseudonyms |
79. | Copyright to subsist in joint works without regard to any author who is an unqualified person |
80. | Inclusion of joint works in collections for use in educational institutions |
PART IV COPYRIGHT IN SUBJECT-MATTER OTHER THAN WORKS | |
Division 1—Preliminary | |
81. | Interpretation |
Division 2—Nature of Copyright in Subject-Matter other than Works | |
82. | Nature of copyright in sound recordings |
83. | Nature of copyright in cinematograph films |
84. | Nature of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts |
85. | Nature of copyright in cable programmes |
86. | Nature of copyright in published editions of works |
Division 3—Subject-Matter, other than Works, in which Copyright subsists | |
87. | Sound recordings in which copyright subsists |
88. | Cinematograph films in which copyright subsists |
89. | Television broadcasts and sound broadcasts in which copyright subsists |
90. | Cable programmes in which copyright subsists |
91. | Published editions of works in which copyright subsists |
Division 4—Duration of Copyright in Subject-Matter other than Works | |
92. | Duration of copyright in sound recordings |
93. | Duration of copyright in cinematograph films |
94. | Duration of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts |
95. | Duration of copyright in cable programmes |
96. | Duration of copyright in published editions of works |
Division 5—Ownership of Copyright in Subject-Matter other than Works | |
97. | Ownership of copyright in sound recordings |
98. | Ownership of copyright in cinematograph films |
99. | Ownership of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts |
100. | Ownership of copyright in cable programmes |
101. | Ownership of copyright in published editions of works |
Division 6—Infringement of Copyright in Subject-Matter other than Works | |
102. | Interpretation |
103. | Infringement by doing acts comprised in copyright |
104. | Infringement by importation for sale or hire |
105. | Infringement by sale and other dealings |
106. | Acts done for purposes of judicial proceeding |
107. | Making of a copy of the sound recording for purposes of broadcasting |
108. | Provisions relating to cinematograph films |
109. | Fair dealing for purpose of research or private study |
110. | Fair dealing for purpose of criticism or review |
111. | Fair dealing for purpose of reporting news |
112. | Copying of unpublished sound recordings and cinematograph films in libraries or archives |
113. | Copying of sound recordings and cinematograph films for preservation and other purposes |
114. | Filming or recording broadcasts or programmes for private and domestic use |
115. | Use of broadcasts for educational purposes |
116. | Reproductions of editions of work |
Division 7—Miscellaneous | |
117. | Copyrights to subsist independently |
PART V REMEDIES FOR INFRINGEMENTS OF COPYRIGHT | |
Division 1—Preliminary | |
118. | Interpretation |
Division 2—Actions by Owner of Copyright | |
119. | Actions for infringement |
120. | Delivery up of infringing copies |
Division 3—Proceedings where Copyright is subject to Exclusive Licence | |
121. | Interpretation |
122. | Application |
123. | Rights of exclusive licensee |
124. | Joinder of owner or exclusive licensee as a party |
125. | Defences available against exclusive licensee |
126. | Assessment of damages where exclusive licence granted |
127. | Apportionment of profits between owner and exclusive licensee |
128. | Separate actions in relation to the same infringement |
129. | Liability for costs |
Division 4—Proof of Facts in Copyright Proceedings | |
130. | Presumptions as to subsistence and ownership of copyright |
131. | Presumptions in relation to authorship of work |
132. | Presumptions in relation to publisher of work |
133. | Presumptions where author has died |
134. | Evidence in relation to recordings |
135. | Presumptions in relation to maker of film |
Division 5—Offences | |
136. | Offences |
137. | Affidavit evidence |
138. | Powers of police officer |
139. | Advertisement for supply of infringing copies of computer programs |
140. | Court for trial of offences |
Division 6—Miscellaneous | |
141. | Limitation of actions in respect of infringement of copyright |
142. | Restriction of importation of copies of works |
PART VI COMPULSORY LICENCES FOR TRANSLATION AND REPRODUCTION OF CERTAIN WORKS | |
143. | Interpretation |
144. | Licence to produce and publish translations |
145. | Licence to reproduce and publish works for certain purposes |
146. | Licence for domestic broadcasting organisation |
147. | Termination of licences issued under this Part |
148. | Discontinuation of this Part |
PART VII THE COPYRIGHT TRIBUNAL | |
Division 1—Preliminary | |
149. | Interpretation |
150. | Cases to which licence schemes apply |
Division 2—Constitution of the Tribunal | |
151. | Establishment of Tribunal |
152. | Tenure of office |
153. | Minister may appoint any person to act for absent member, etc |
154. | Quorum |
155. | Decision of Tribunal |
156. | Sittings of Tribunal |
Division 3—Inquiries by, and Applications and References to, the Tribunal | |
157. | Inquiries into royalty payable in respect of records of musical works |
158. | Applications to Tribunal for determination of remuneration payable to owner of copyright for copies made under statutory licence |
159. | Applications to Tribunal for apportionment of royalty in respect of a record |
160. | Reference of proposed licence schemes to Tribunal |
161. | Reference of existing licence schemes to Tribunal |
162. | Further reference of licence schemes to Tribunal |
163. | Application to Tribunal in relation to licences |
164. | Effect of licence schemes being continued in operation pending order of Tribunal |
165. | Effect of order of Tribunal in relation to licences |
166. | Attorney-General may make application for suspension order |
167. | Application to revoke suspension orders |
168. | Interim orders |
169. | Reference of questions of law to the High Court |
170. | Agreements or awards not affected |
Division 4—Procedure and Evidence | |
171. | Proceedings to be in public except in special circumstances |
172. | Application may be made to Tribunal by the agent of the copyright owner |
173. | Procedure |
174. | Mistakes or errors in orders of Tribunal |
175. | Regulations as to procedure |
176. | Power to take evidence on oath |
177. | Evidence in form of written statement |
178. | Representation |
Division 5—Miscellaneous | |
179. | Protection of members and witnesses |
180. | Disobedience to summons, etc |
181. | Contempt of Tribunal, etc |
182. | Cost of Proceedings |
183. | Proof of orders of Tribunal |
PART VIII EXTENSION OR RESTRICTION OF ACT | |
184. | Application of Act to countries other than Singapore |
185. | Provisions as to international organisations |
186. | Denial of copyright to citizens of countries not giving adequate protection to Singapore works |
PART IX FALSE ATTRIBUTION OF AUTHORSHIP | |
187. | Interpretation |
188. | Duty not to attribute falsely the authorship of a work |
189. | Duty not to attribute falsely the authorship of altered work |
190. | Duty not to attribute falsely the authorship of reproduction of artistic work |
191. | Breach of duty not committed if act done outside Singapore or done with permission |
192. | Action for breach of duty |
193. | Restriction of importation of copies of works |
PART X MISCELLANEOUS | |
194. | Assignments and licences in respect of copyright |
195. | Prospective ownership of copyright |
196. | Copyright to pass under will with unpublished work |
197. | Provisions as to Government copyright |
198. | Use of copyright material for the service of the Government |
199. | Reception of broadcasts or cable programmes |
200. | Groundless threats of legal proceedings |
201. | Notation of copies and handicapped readers’ copies |
202. | Regulations |
203. | Repeal of Copyright Act 1911 |
204. | Consequential amendment |
PART XI TRANSITIONAL | |
Division 1—Preliminary | |
205. | Interpretation |
206. | References to making of works, recordings and films |
207. | References in other laws or instruments to copyright |
208. | Authorship of photographs |
209. | Publication |
Division 2—Original Works | |
210. | Expired copyright not to revive |
211. | Original works in which copyright subsists |
212. | Duration of copyright in photographs |
213. | Ownership of copyright |
214. | Recording of musical works |
215. | Publication of artistic works |
216. | Reconstruction of buildings |
217. | Industrial designs |
218. | Reproduction of work upon payment of royalties |
Division 3—Subject-Matter other than Works | |
219. | Sound recordings |
220. | Cinematograph films |
221. | Application of Act to dramatic works and photographs comprised in cinematograph films |
222. | Television broadcasts and sound broadcasts |
223. | Published editions of works |
224. | Cable programmes |
Division 4—Miscellaneous | |
225. | Actions for infringement |
226. | Actions where copyright subject to exclusive licence |
227. | Offences |
228. | Limitation of actions |
229. | Restriction of importation of printed copies of works |
230. | References and applications to Tribunal in relation to licence schemes |
231. | Duration of Government copyright in photographs |
232. | Duration of Government copyright in recordings |
233. | Government copyright in films |
234. | Works made or published by international organisations |
235. | Subject-matter, other than original works, made or published by international organisations |
236. | False attribution of authorship of work |
237. | Assignments and licences |
238. | Bequests |
239. | Existing computer programs |
Division 5—Works made before 1st July 1912 | |
240. | Interpretation |
241. | Application |
242. | Rights conferred by Copyright Act 1911 |
243. | Performing rights |
244. | Contributions to periodicals |
245. | Assignments and licences |
The Schedule—False Registration of Industrial Designs |
This work is Singaporean legislation (Act of Parliament or subsidiary legislation), which is copyrighted in Singapore for 70 years after publication pursuant to
- sections 114(1) and 136(1)(b) of the Copyright Act 2021, or
- section 197(3)(b) of the repealed Copyright Act (Cap. 63, 2006 Rev. Ed.) for legislation published before 21 November 2021.
However, as an edict of a government, it is in the public domain in the U.S.
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