Democracy in America (Reeve)/Index
INDEX.
A.
Aborigines, the of America, traditionary accounts of, i. 24.
Abstract expressions, preference for, in democratic nations, ii. 72. Illustrations of this, ii. 73.
Activity, the, of the American people, ii. 150.
Administration of government in America, its operations unperceived by travellers, i. 72. Form of the, in the United States, its connexion with the press, ii. 120. Of the United States, general remarks upon, i. 81. Instability of, i. 228. Prejudicial to the art of government, i. 229. Increased mutability of the laws of, caused by the yearly change of the legislature, and by investing it with unbounded authority, i. 278. Other effects produced, i. 279. Of the several states of the Union, difference of, i. 82.
Ambition for wealth, the passion common to all classes, ii. 137. In the United States, a universal sentiment, ii. 258. Causes which restrict its influence, ii. 258. In a democratic community when divested of aristocratic influences, ii. 259. Political, its violent character in the United States, ii. 262. The danger of repressing its influence, ii. 263.
America, North, its external form and divisions, i. 17. Physical features of its range of mountains, &c., i. 18. Its gloomy and steril aspect to the first settlers, i. 21. South, political impressions of Europeans on their first landing upon, i. 20.
American Indians, their probable origin, i. 22. Their peculiar characteristics, i. 22. Peculiarities of their language and its dialects, i. 22. Their habits and characteristics in peace and war, i. 23. Their religious belief, &c., i. 24.
American literature, its characteristics and future prospects, ii. 58.
American women, the intellectual superiority of, ii. 225.
American Union, its apparent resemblance to all other confederations and its different effects, i. 167.
Americans, their disbelief in the supernatural, ii. 2. The peculiarities of their condition, ii. 36. The advantages they derive from England, ii. 36. Their preference for practical rather than speculative pursuits, ii. 37. Their commercial habits, ii. 37. Influence of religion upon, ii. 37. Why they are more addicted to practical than to theoretical science, ii. 41. Their inventive power and ingenuity, ii. 42. Actuated by the principle of interest, ii. 130. Their fondness for animal excitement, ii. 167. Utilitarianism of, ii. 221. Seriousness of the effect of their institutions, ii. 234. Their cautiousness, and the causes which induce it, ii. 235. Hurry and impetuosity of, ii. 237. Curiosity of the, great, ii. 237. Their excessive vanity, ii. 238. Their captiousness, ii. 238. Their other peculiar characteristics, ii. 251. Commercial enterprise of, ii. 252.
Amusements, the public, among ancient democracies, ii. 235.
Anarchy sometimes to be feared from free institutions, ii. 306.
Anglo-Americans, their origin, its importance in relation to their future condition, i. 26. Their diversity of character and disposition, i. 28. Their social condition, &c., i. 47. Aristocratic laws introduced in the south by the, i. 49.
Anomalies, the, which the laws and customs of the Anglo-Americans present, i. 44. Reasons for this, i. 44.
Anti-social propensities of the English, ii. 179.
Apathy, when general among a people, a tendency to despotism, ii. 341.
Archimedes, his lofty spirit, &c., ii. 45.
Aristocratic nations, members of, their dependance upon one another, ii. 94. The opposite tendency in a democracy, ii. 94. Institutions, remains of, in the midst of a complete democracy, i. 44.
Aristocracy, created by manufactures and business, ii. 171. Its origin, characteristics, and consequences, in a democracy, ii. 172. Its privileges, real or assumed, ii. 178. Its influence on the sexes, ii. 218.
Armies, American, their restless spirit, an inherent evil of their constitution, ii. 285. Large, dangerous to a republic, ii. 286. Democratic, their weakness at the outset of a campaign, and strength in a protracted war, ii. 291. Causes of this, ii. 291.
Armies, democratic, their desire for war, ii. 280. Standing, the necessity of in a republic, ii. 280. In aristocratic and democratic countries contrasted, ii, 281. Opposing tendencies of, and the dangers to which it exposes, ii. 283. Its character and habits, ii. 283.
Art. 75 of the year viii., not understood by the English and Americans, i. 108.
Arts, the fine, their cultivation by the Americans, ii. 49. The proficiency in, by the Americans, ii. 55.
Associations, intellectual and moral in the United States, ii. 118. Public influence of newspapers on, ii. 119. Their limited responsibility and restricted independence, ii. 332. Their requiring state license, ii. 332.
Authors, American, their characteristics essentially English, ii. 58. Literary fame of, eagerly sought for in England, ii. 58. Their relation to the social and political condition of a nation, ii. 62. Their numbers and characteristics in a democracy, ii. 63. Their model in writing essentially English, ii. 67.
B.
Bankrupts, indulgence shown to, in the United States, ii. 252.
Black-letter law-books, extracts from relating to honour, ii. 256.
Body politic in the United States, activity which pervades all branches of the, and its influence on society, i. 270. More difficult of perception, than the freedom and equality which reign there, i. 271. Difficulty for an American to confine himself to his own business, i. 272. The political agitation which extends to all social intercourse, the cause of the commercial activity of the Americans, i. 275. Indirect advantages to society from a democratic government.
Books, numerous in the United States, ii. 57. Reprinted from English editions, ii. 58. Their scarcity among the ancients, ii. 64.
Buildings, public, their construction in the United States, ii. 53.
C.
Callings, all honest, honourable among the Americans, ii. 162. Industrial, generally followed by the Americans, ii. 164.
Capital punishment, its rarity in the United States, ii. 177. No instance of for political or state offence, ii. 177.
Capitol, the, at Washington, &c., ii. 55.
Captiousness of the Americans, ii. 238.
Caste, the divisions of, among an aristocratic people, ii. 174. Its distinctions and grades, &c., ii. 189.
Causes which influence the events of history, ii. 91.
Cautiousness of the Americans, the causes which induce it, ii. 235.
Central power, recognised in ages of equality, ii. 312. In what manner it offers a powerful counteraction to the transformations of society, ii. 312.
Centralization, its import, as applied to the local and federal governments, i. 88. Of government, causes which conduce to this, ii. 317. The causes which tend to prevent this, ii. 317. Enervating to society and weakening to itself, ii. 320. Fondness of military men for, ii. 321. Of power induced by the principle of equality, ii. 322.
Change, love of, among a democratic people, ii. 272.
Characteristics, general, of a democratic age, ii. 17.
Characteristics, literary, of democratic and aristocratic countries compared, ii. 59.
Characteristics, peculiar of the Americans, ii. 251.
Charges, levied by the state under the rule of the American democracy, i. 230. Why public expenditures tend to increase, when the people governs, i. 231. Why this is less to be feared in America than elsewhere, i. 232. Public expenditures under a democracy, i, 233. Tendencies of the American democracy as it regards the salaries of public officers, i. 234. What are increased and what reduced, i. 235. Comparison of the public expenditures in France and the United States, i. 236.
China, prohibitionary rules of, ii. 261.
Chinese, their attainments in the arts, ii. 47.
Christianity, its influence upon the world, on its first introduction, ii. 24.
Christianity, in America, its few forms and observances, ii. 27.
Citizens, of the United States, their rights of indicting a public functionary, i. 107. Their individual insignificance in a democracy, ii. 55.
Civil associations, their connexion with those political, ii. 123.
Classes of society in a democracy, ii. 269.
Clergy, the, their influence in the United States, ii. 27. Their respect for intellectual superiority and public opinion, ii. 28. Characteristics of their public discourses, their habits, &c., ii. 135.
Commercial prosperity of the United States, reflections on the causes of, i. 457. The Americans destined by nature to be a great maritime people, i. 458. Extent of their coasts, i. 459. Depth of their ports, size of their rivers, &c., i. 460. Their facility for changing their occupations and pursuits, i. 461. The commercial superiority of the Anglo-Americans, less attributable to physical circumstances, than to moral and intellectual causes, i. 463. Reasons for this, as instanced in the commercial relations between the northern and southern states, i. 464. The prosperity of the Americans a source of advantage to British manufactures, i. 464. The dismemberment of the Union would not check the maritime vigour of the States, i. 464. The Anglo-Americans will naturally supply the wants of South America, i. 463. They will become, like the English, the factors of a great portion of the world, i. 462. General view of the whole subject, i. 465.
Combinations of Americans, their great achievements, ii. 167.
Commanders, military, in a democracy, their disinclination to war, ii. 289.
Compassion, the feeling of, in the Americans, as contrasted with their egotism, ii. 176.
Competition among the Americans, ii. 262.
Comprehensive view of men and things, ii. 354.
Compulsory enlistment preferred to voluntary recruiting in a democracy, ii. 287. Its inequality of burden on a community, 287.
Concentration of power in democratic nations, why approved, ii. 308.
Condition of the Americans, a cause of their unsettled opinions, ii. 74.
Confederated governments, the tendency of all nations of this age to become, ii. 315.
Conjugal authority, the respect paid to, by the women of America, ii. 225.
Conjugal tie, respect paid to, in the United States, ii. 251.
Congress, members of, addicted to frequent speaking, ii. 97.
Congress of the United States, the influence of its debates on the people, ii. 98.
Connecticut, the state of, its code of laws promulgated in 1650, i. 37.
Constitution, a, can only be logically said to exist, in the early stages of a nation, its effects, &c., i. 123.
Conventional rules of society, how affected by the prmciple of democracy, ii. 207.
Conversation, confidence in, by American women, ii. 210.
Constituted powers, their apparent decline, ii. 335.
Contempt of forms, characteristic of a democratic age, ii. 347. The dangers to which it exposes, ii. 347.
Counties in America, administrative duties of, how performed, ii. 345.
Counties, the, of New England, compared with those of France, i. 71.
Courage, among the Americans, regarded as the highest virtue, ii. 252.
Court of sessions, in New England, its authority and influence, i. 77.
Courts of justice, in the United States, their great extent of power, i. 105. Precautions of the legislature to prevent its abuse, i. 106.
Courts of the Union, their right fixing their own jurisdiction, i. 149. In what respect this rule attacks the portion of sovereignty reserved to the several states, i. 149. Choice of the people, and instinctive preferences of the American democracy, i. 214. Talented people in the United States rarely placed at the head of public affairs, i. 215. Envy of the lower orders against the higher, a democratic sentiment, i. 216. Why distinguished men seclude themselves from the public affairs, i. 217. Causes which may partly correct these tendencies of the democracy, i. 217. Effects produced on the people, collectively and individually, by exposure to great national dangers, i. 217. Why so many distinguished men stood at the helm of affairs fifty years ago in America, i. 218. The influence which the intelligence and manners of the people exercise on its choice as seen in the states of New England, i. 218. Of certain laws, i. 219. Election by an elected body and its effects, i. 220.
Criminal justice, its mild administration in the United States, ii. 177.
Criminal code and punishment in the United States compared with France, ii. 227.
Cultivation of the fine arts, its extent by the Americans, ii. 49.
Curiosity of the Americans, great, ii. 237.
D.
Degrees of rank, the, among aristocratic nations, ii. 183. Imperfectly understood by Americans, ii. 183.
Delegates, claims of their constituents upon, ii. 96.
Democracy, the elements of, in the first European settlers of America, i. 29. In the western states, carried to its utmost extent, i. 52. Its extent of inconsiderable productions, &c., ii. 55. Its influence upon language, ii. 67. Its tendency to exclude the past, but to open the future to the contemplation of the poet, ii. 78.
Democratic government, the, in North America, i. 213. Efforts of which it is capable, i. 245. Its struggle for independence, i. 266. Its enthusiasm of, at the commencement of the war, and indifference at its close, i. 246. Difficulties of establishing a military conscription, or impressment of seamen in America, i. 246. Why less capable of sustained effort than any other, i. 248. Its self-control, i. 249. Its faults, for the most part reparable, i. 250. Conduct of, in the management of its foreign affairs, i. 251. The direction given to it, by Washington and Jefferson, i. 252. Advantages and defects of the, brought to light, i. 254. What are its real advantages to society, i. 257. General tendency of its laws, and the habits of those who apply them, i. 257. Its defects easily to be discovered but not its advantages, i. 258. Often inexpert in its measures, i. 259. Its public officers having no permanent interests distinct from those of the majority, the practical results of this, i. 260. Its indirect advantages to society, i. 276.
Democratic republic in the United States, the principal causes which tend to maintain it, i. 315. Accidental or providential causes—the Union having no neighbours—no central metropolis, &c., i. 316. The chances of birth in the people's favour, i. 318. How the American wilds are peopled, i. 321. Avidity of the Anglo-Americans in taking possession of the solitudes of the New World, i. 321. Extracts from Chancellor Kent, i. 321. Influence of physical prosperity on the political opinions of the Americans, i. 323. Influence of manners upon the maintenance of the republic, i. 327. Influence of religion, considered as a political institution, i. 328. Its proper definition—a democratic and republican Christianity, i. 328. Arrival of the Catholics in America, i. 329. Catholicism the most democratic system of religion at the present time, i. 329. How the laws contribute more to the maintenance of a republic, than the physical circumstances of the country, i. 348. All the nations of America have a democratic society, but democratic institutions are to be found only in the United States, i. 349. The Spaniards of South America equally favoured by physical causes, are unable to maintain a democratic republic, i. 349. Mexico, an instance of this, it having adopted the constitution of the United States, is notwithstanding in the same predicament, i. 351. The Anglo-Americans of the west, less able to maintain it, than those of the east, i. 351. Reasons of these different results, i. 352.
Democratic institutions, how promoted by the habits and experience of the Americans, i. 343. What is to be understood by the instruction of the American people, i. 343. Instruction in the United States more superficial, but more general than in Europe, i. 345. Rapidity with which opinions are diffused over the western states, i. 346. Practical experience more serviceable to the Americans, than book-learning, i. 348. Whether laws and manners are sufficient to maintain them in other countries beside America, i. 353. That the Anglo-Americans, if in Europe, would be obliged to modify their laws, i. 353. Distinction between democratic institutions and American institutions, i. 354. Democratic laws may be conceived different from those of America, i. 355. That the example of America only proves it to be possible to regulate a democracy by the assistance of manners and legislation, i. 355. The importance of this with regard to Europe, i. 356.
Democratic communities, averse to reflection and meditation, ii. 43. Its members impatient of control, &c., ii. 94. Their love of equality the dominant passion, ii. 102. Prospective opinions upon, ii. 335.
Democratic armies, their desire for war, &c., ii. 280. Conflicting tendencies of, and the dangers to which they expose, ii. 283. Their characteristics, ii. 283.
Descartes, the precepts of, not studied by the Americans, ii. 2.
Descent, the laws of, change in, and the effects produced by it in America, i. 50.
Despotism, the dangers of, to a democratic constitution, ii. 109. Why kind of to be most feared by democratic nations, ii. 336.
Despotic power, in a democracy, its characteristics, ii. 148.
Discipline in the armies of democratic nations, ii. 296. Among the ancients, ii. 297.
Dissimilarity of character, the result of inequality of condition, ii. 14.
Distinction to be drawn between what is of puritanical, and what of English origin in religion, i. 45.
Division of labour, the principle of, its influence on a community, ii. 170.
Dramatic literature, its influence among democratic nations, ii. 84.
Drama, love of the, its extent in a democracy, ii. 86.
Dramatic pieces, listened to, but not read in a democratic nation, ii. 87.
Dread of war, the causes which induce it, ii. 298.
E.
Education, public, attention paid to it by the New England settlers, i. 41. Its equality, extent, and influence in America, i. 53. What kind necessary for a country of democratic institutions ii. 211. Its natural characteristics at the present day, ii. 325.
Egotism among the Americans and French compared, ii. 131.
Egypt, the ignorant condition of the people of, ii. 320.
Election of president, why it does not cause a deviation from the principles of government, i. 134. Its influence on secondary functionaries, i. 135.
Election, mode of, in the United States, i. 137. Crisis of the, i. 140. Calm which succeeds the agitation of the, in the United States, i. 141. The means of, in a democracy, of ensuring the independence of a public officer, ii. 345.
Elections, the, which have transpired since the establishment of the constitution, i. 139. Influence of the democratic principle on the laws relating to, i. 221. When frequent, their tendency to keep up a feverish excitement, i. 221. Mutability of the laws. Opinions of Hamilton and Jefferson on this subject, i. 222. Frequent animosities at, their beneficial results, &c., ii. 110.
Elective system, the dangers of, their increase in proportion to the extent of the executive prerogative, i. 132. What circumstances are favourable to the, i. 133.
Elective qualification, the gradual and irresistible extension of, in America, i. 59.
Elevation, great and rapid, rare in a democratic country, ii. 261.
Eloquence, parliamentary, its characteristics in the United States, i. 96.
Emigrants to the west, their toils and vicissitudes, ii. 214. Anecdote, of this, note, ii. 214.
Emulation in trades and professions limited in a democracy, ii. 50.
England, its social condition in the 18th century, ii 239.
English, the, absence of vanity in, ii. 239.
Englishmen, their constrained intercourse, ii. 178.
English government, its measures in the New England colonies conducive to liberty, i. 36.
Equal rights, the several conditions and advantages of, ii. 100.
Equality, the principle of, prejudicial to the cultivation of the ideal, ii 76. Passion for, its cause and influence, ii. 99. The extent of its influence in France, ii. 99. United with political freedom, the evils to which they expose ii. 101. The dominant passion in democratic nations, ii. 102. The condition of, induces similarity of opinions, ii. 176. The principle of, its tendency to despotism, ii. 323.
Equality of the sexes in the United States, remarks upon, ii. 224.
Established opinions, preference for, in a democracy, ii. 276.
Etiquette, laws of, in aristocratic nations, ii. 181. Partial neglect of, among the Americans, ii. 181.
Europeans, their impressions on first landing on the American coast, i. 20. The dangers to which they would be subjected in adopting the federal system of the Americans, i. 183.
European states, their tendency to democratic liberty, &c., i. 359.
Exclusive privileges repugnant to a democratic people, ii. 308.
Executive power, the remarks on, i. 124. Accidental causes which tend to increase the influence of, in the United States, i. 130. External security of the Union, &c., i. 130.
Executive powers, the, of the state, i. 87.
F.
Faith, articles of, necessary to be distinguished from external forms, ii. 26.
Family relations in the United States, compared with those of aristocratic nations, ii. 206.
Fanatical enthusiasm in America, the causes of, ii. 142.
Farmers, American, their migratory habits, ii. 168.
Federal constitution, the history of, its origin, &c., i. 115. Interval of the appeal, and promulgation of, i. 117. Summary of the, i. 118. In what respects superior to that of the states, i. 161. Attributable to the wisdom of the federal legislators, i. 162. Less dependant on the people, than the several states, i. 163. Judicial power less subjected to the inclinations of the majority, i. 163. The consequences of this, i. 165. Characteristics which distinguish it from all others, i. 166. Not a federal but an imperfect national government, i. 168. Advantage of the system, i. 169. Its aim to unite the twofold advantages resulting from a large and small territory, i. 173. Its laws adapted to the exigencies of the people, i. 174. Its defects, its complexity, demanding the constant exercise of discretion on the part of citizens, i. 176. Why not adapted to all peoples, and how the Anglo Americans were enabled to adopt it, i. 175. The relative weakness of, i. 180. Its right of calling forth the militia, &c., i. 182. The war of 1812, remarks on, &c., i. 182.
Federal government, the, division of authority of, with that of the states, i. 120, Its prerogatives in peace and in war compared with that of France, i. 120. Legislative powers of, i. 121. Formation of the two branches of, i. 121.
Federal courts, their importance in the United States, i. 145. Their necessity, i. 146. Means of determining the jurisdiction of, i. 148. Method of procedure of, i. 156. Natural weakness of the judiciary power in confederations, i. 157. The duty of legislators to arraign private individuals and not states, i. 157. How the Americans have succeeded in this, i. 158. Instances of the direct prosecution of private individuals, i. 158. Decrees of the supreme court, enervating, but not destructive of the provincial laws, i. 158.
Female education, attention paid to it in the United Stales, ii. 209. Its independence in protestant and catholic countries compared, ii. 209.
Female morality, opinions of philosophers on, ii. 217.
Feudal ages, the characteristics of, ii. 175. Contrasted with the present, ii. 207.
Fine arts, the extent of their cultivation in the United Slates, ii. 53.
First settlers, their free institutions and customs, ii. 317.
Force of public opinion in the United States, ii. 277.
Forms, great need of, in a democratic community, ii. 347.
Fortunes, their precarious character in the United States, ii. 213.
France, the political debates of, their extensive influence, ii. 98.
France, its progress in equality and political freedom, ii. 102. Farther opinions on this subject, ii. 113. Its social condition past and present, ii. 222. Its condition under Louis XIV., ii. 239.
French revolution, the causes which led to it, ii. 335.
French, the, their advances in the exact sciences, ii. 43.
Free institutions, a taste for, induced by the principle of equality, ii. 306. Their tendency to anarchy, ii. 307. Their servitude, &c., ii. 307.
Freedom of intercourse in a democratic country, remarks on, ii. 39.
Freedom of the English colonies, the main cause of their prosperity, i. 35.
Freedom of the will, evils resulting from the belief, in, ii. 93.
Freedom inconsistent with aristocratic privilege, ii. 343.
Fulton, Robert, his invention of the steam-engine, &c., vide note, ii, 344.
G.
General ideas, their influence in political matters, ii. 18. Comparison of, between the Americans and the French, ii. 18. Causes of their diversity, ii. 18.
Good will, interchange of, universal among the Americans, ii. 185.
Government, the general, of the United States its great centralization of power, i. 89. General knowledge of, among the Americans, i. 177.
Government, of the democracy in America, i. 213.
Government of America, difficulty of distinguishing the causes which contribute to the economy of, i. 237. Wherein its expenditure can be compared with that of France, i. 238. Of national wealth and the rate of taxation, i. 239. Wealth and charges of France not accurately known, i. 241.
Governments, European, increasing power of, ii. 323. Improvement in the administration of, ii. 327. Causes of their increase of wealth and power, ii. 328. Extent of their judicial power, ii. 328. Their extensive influence over manufacturing combinations, &c., ii. 333.
Governments, more likely to become absolute and despotic among a people of equality than any other, ii. 343. Their great increase of powers, and tendency to limit individual rights, ii. 350. Opinions on the probable tendencies of, ii. 350.
Governor, the office of, in an American state, i. 87. Its functions and power, i. 87.
Gravity of deportment, a characteristic of the Americans, 234.
Great revolutions, the causes why they are becoming rare, ii. 267.
H.
Helvetic confederacy, the, causes of its great power, &c., ii. 299.
Historians, characteristics of, in democratic and aristocratic ages compared, ii. 90.
History, the causes which retard or accelerate the current of, ii. 91.
Home, characteristics of, in the United States, i. 70.
Honour, the principle of, in the United States, ii. 245. Its signification, ii. 246. Sentiments of in the feudal ages, ii. 246. Its characteristics among aristocratic nations, ii. 247. Among the ancient Romans, ii. 249. Its laws less numerous in a democracy than in an aristocratic community, ii. 254. Defects in the laws of in the United States, and the causes of this, ii. 255. Extract from black-letter law-books relating to, ii. 256. Its conventional inconsistencies, ii. 256. Conflicting opinions regarding it in a democracy, ii. 257. The notion of originating in the unequalities of condition among men, ii. 257.
Human mind, the, incapable of applying a test in all individual cases, ii. 12.
Human perfectibility, the idea of, suggested by the principle of equality, ii. 33. Its influence in aristocratic nations, ii. 34.
Human responsibility, its limitations, &c., defined, ii. 355.
Hurry and impetuosity, a characteristic of the Americans, ii. 387
I.
Ideas, general, no evidence of their strength or correctness, ii. 13. The causes which impel their generalization, ii. 13. Contrast between the English and Americans in their generalization of, ii. 14. The tendency of aristocratic habits to the particularizing of, ii. 16.
Impulse, the acting from, common among the Americans, ii. 236.
Inconsiderateness, a characteristic trait of the American character, ii. 236.
Indians, North American, their origin and peculiarities, i. 22. Peculiarities of their language and dialects, i. 22. Their characteristics and habits in peace and war, i. 23. Their religious belief, &c., i. 24. Evidences of their having been preceded by a people more civilized, i. 24. Their bravery in war and contempt of death, i. 24. Their passions and vices tend to their destruction, i. 25.
Indians contrasted with the negroes, their relative position in America, and probable destiny, i. 362. Compared with the Americans, &c., i. 362. Impossibility of civilizing the red men, i. 364. Their unbounded love of liberty and impatience of control, i. 364. Characteristic anecdote of, vide note, i. 365. The present and probable future condition of, i. 367. Gradual disappearance of, i. 367. Manner in which this takes place, i. 368. Causes which compel them to recede, i. 369. Miseries attending their forced migrations, i. 370. Their only method of escaping destruction—war or civilization, i. 373. Reasons why they refused to become civilized when it was in their power, and why they cannot become so now that they desire it, i. 375. Instances of this in the Creeks and Cherokees, i. 376. Policy of the several states toward them, i. 381. Policy of the federal government, i. 382. Washington's advice respecting the treatment of them, i. 380. Petition of the Cherokees to congress, i. 383.
Indictment of a public functionary, the right of, by the people, i. 107.
Individual action, its influence upon events, ii. 92.
Individual sacrifices for the public weal, great among the Americans, ii. 112.
Individual influence, less in a democratic than in an aristocratic country, ii. 320.
Individual rights, the danger of their being despised in a democracy, ii. 347.
Individualism, the term defined and illustrated, vide note, ii. 104. Its existence and influence in a democracy, ii. 104. When strongest among a democratic people, ii. 107. How restrained among the Americans by their free institutions, &c., ii. 109.
Inflated style of the American writers and orators, ii. 82. The causes of this, ii. 82.
Innovation, when mistaken for revolution, ii. 279.
Insanity, instances of, excessively numerous in the United States, the causes, &c., ii. 147. Suicides comparatively rare among the Americans, ii. 147.
Institutions of government, respect paid to, by the Americans, ii. 315.
Intellectual superiority, a characteristic of the American women, ii 225.
Intercommunication, its freedom among the Americans, ii. 79.
Intercourse of Americans rendered easy by the principle of equality, ii. 178.
Interest, opinions of, in aristocratic ages, ii. 129.
Interest, personal, correct opinions of, ii. 132.
Interest, principle of, its influence in connexion with religious matters, ii. 133. A means of extending the popularity of a religious belief, ii. 134.
Interest, the motives of, all-pervading in the United States, ii. 163.
J.
Judges, the, in the United States, remarks on their right of declaring any law unconstitutional, i. 103. Other powers granted to them, i. 107.
Judicial power of the United States, its influence on political society, &c., i. 101. That retained by the Anglo-Americans common to all nations, i. 101. The extent of its prerogatives, &c., i. 160. Safety of the Union dependant upon the right discretionary use of, i. 160.
Judicial power in confederations, the utility of, i. 146. Its essential qualities, ii. 340.
Judicial system of the Anglo-Americans, its peculiar characteristics, 1. 102.
Judiciary, the, its political importance and influence in the United States, i. 145. The difficulties of treating this subject, i. 145. Its national organization, i. 147.
Jurisdiction, different cases of, i. 150.
Jurisdiction, the federal, the matter and party of, &c., i. 150. Causes resulting from the laws of the Union, i. 54. Why judged by the federal tribunals, i. 154. Causes relating to the non-performance of contracts, tried by the federal courts, i. 155.
Justices of the peace, their appointment, &c., in New England, i. 75.
L.
Lacquey, its original signification, &c., in France, ii. 188.
Lafayette, General, his remarks on history, ii. 91.
Land, the purchases of, from the Indians by the American government, how effected, i. 372.
Land, owners of, and tenantry, how affected by democratic institutions, ii. 196. How affected in, by aristocratic institutions, ii. 196.
Language, how affected by the democratic principle, ii. 67.
Language, spoken, its peculiarities in the United States, compared with England, ii. 67. The causes of these, ii. 68.
Language, alterations in, superinduced by the love of change, ii. 69.
Language, the causes of its increase in the departments of business, and decrease in metaphysics and theology, ii. 69. Its exposure to innovation in a democracy, ii. 70.
Law, respect paid to, in the United States, i. 268. Attachment which the Americans retain for it, i. 269. Personal interest of every one to increase the authority of the law, i. 269.
Law, profession of the, in the United States serves as a counterpoise to democracy, i. 297. Habits of the members of the legal profession, i. 297. Their influence on the future, i. 298. In what manner the pursuits of lawyers give an aristocratic turn to their ideas, and the causes of this, i. 300. Causes which tend to check this, i. 300. Use of lawyers to a despot, i. 299. The aristocracy of America to be found mainly in the bench and at the bar, i. 302. The influence of lawyers on American society, i. 303. Their peculiar magisterial habits, how they affect the legislature, the administration, and the people, i. 305.
Legislation, uniformity of, in a democratic nation, ii. 308.
Legislative power, the, of the state, i. 86.
Legislative body, its division into two branches, their respective functions, &c., i. 86.
Liberty of the press, its paramount importance in a democracy, ii. 348.
Life in the United Stales, anti-poetic, ii. 79.
Literary characteristics of aristocratic and democratic countries, ii. 59.
Literature, the trade of, in aristocratic and democratic nations, ii. 63.
Literature, ancient, contrasted with modern among a democratic people, ii. 65. Characteristic differences of, ii. 92.
Literature, advantages to be derived from its study, ii. 65.
Local authorities, their activity and completeness, i. 82.
Local distinctions of the United States, ii. 193.
Local peculiarities of the United States, ii. 280.
Local administration in the United States, and its political influence, i. 88. Not centralized in America, i. 89. Evils resulting from this, i. 90.
Louis XIV., the age of criticisms on the dramatic productions of, ii. 87.
Love of well-being, a prominent feature in a democratic age, ii. 26.
Love of physical gratification in aristocratic and democratic countries compared, ii. 139.
Love of display in foreign countries, a characteristic of the Americans, ii. 184.
Love of gain, the prevailing passion among the Americans, ii. 243.
Love of peace, in a democracy, its dangers and their remedies, ii. 284.
Love of repose, prejudicial to military pursuits, ii. 292.
Love of public tranquillity in democratic countries the ruling sentiment, ii. 313.
Lower orders, the rudeness and incivility of, in aristocratic countries, the cause of, i. 23.
Lower orders in England, the present state of, ii. 319.
Luxury, the hypocrisy of, a characteristic of a democratic nation, ii. 52.
M.
Machiavelli, his observations on war, ii. 300.
Magistrates, their being elective, a cause of the prosperity of the United States, ii. 112.
Mahometanism, the system of, inconsistent with a state of general intelligence, ii. 23.
Majority, the desires of, subordinates all authority, a natural evil of democracy, i. 143. Increasing power of, in the United Slates, i. 278. Its tyranny, i. 280. How the principle of the sovereignity of the people is to be understood, i. 280. Precautions necessary to control its action, i. 281. The consequences of these having been remitted in the United States, i. 281. An instance of its despotic power at Baltimore in 1812, note, i. 282. Effects of its unlimited power upon the arbitrary authority of the public officers in the United States, i. 283. The power it exercises upon opinions in America, i. 284. Its decisions final, the reasons of this, i. 284. Its moral power and influence, i. 285. Despotism, deprived of its physical instruments, its sway on the minds of men, i. 286. Effects of its tyranny on the national character of the Americans, i. 287. Why more seen in the manners than in the conduct of society, i. 288. Its influence in checking the development of leading characters, i. 288. Why there is more patriotism in the people, than in those who govern, i. 291. Dangers which proceed from the exercise of its great power, i. 292. Its abuse of the power, i. 292. How its power is more centralized and energetic than those of the monarchies of Europe, i. 293. The dangers to be apprehended from this, i. 293. Opinions of Hamilton and Jefferson on the subject, i. 293. Some causes which mitigate its tyranny in the United States, i. 295. Its absence of central administration, i. 295.
Man, philosophical description of, ii. 80. The true subject of poetry, ii. 80.
Man, physically considered in connexion with the lower animals, ii. 157.
Manners, how they become softened and refined as social conditions become more equal, ii. 173. Other causes which tend to their improvement, ii. 173.
Manners, American, cold and often coarse, ii. 185. Some reflections on, ii. 230. Deficient in dignity, ii. 130. Ludicrous delineation of, ii. 231.
Manners in a democracy contrasted with those in an aristocratic country, ii. 232.
Manufactures, tendency of a democracy to foster, ii. 169. Characteristics of those who embark in them, ii. 170. Their growth a means of strengthening a government, ii. 329.
Manufacturing classes, their general distress, &c., ii. 201.
Manufacturing property, its extent does not render a people less dependant, ii. 330.
Marriage tie, respect for, in the United States, i. 332.
Martial prowess, in Rome, Plutarch's remarks on, ii. 250.
Martial valour in the United States little prized, ii. 253.
Massachusetts, colony of, the charter of King Charles granted in 1628, i. 36.
Masters and servants, the relation of, how affected by the democratic principle, ii. 187. Their condition in England, France, and America, compared, ii. 187. Their condition in revolutionary times, ii. 194.
Materialism, the doctrine of, its pernicious tendency, ii. 154.
Metempsychosis, the doctrine of, compared with materialism, ii. 155.
Mexico, its conquest by the Spaniards, &c., ii. 56.
Middle ages, character of the chroniclers of, ii. 174.
Military service, in aristocratic countries compared with democratic, ii. 287. Its advantages to civil life in a democracy, ii. 293.
Military rank, degrees of inalienable in a republic, ii. 288.
Military commanders in a democratic country generally disinclined to war, ii. 289.
Military pursuits, opposed by the love of well-being, in a democracy, ii. 292.
Military men, their fondness for centralization in government, ii. 321.
Military oligarchy, its probable results, ii. 338.
Military profession, the, its advantages to civil life in a republic, ii. 293.
Military discipline among the ancients, ii. 297.
Military discipline among democratic armies not counteracted by the principle of equality, ii. 296. Its characteristics in democratic armies, ii. 296.
Milton, John, his additions to the English language, ii. 68.
Mississippi, its source, tributaries, Indian name, &c., i. 18.
Mississippi, valley of the, its grand aspect, probable origin, &c., i. 19.
Montaigne, his additions to the French language, vide note, ii. 68. His remarks on virtue, &c., ii. 130.
Moral code of the United States compared with that of France, ii. 227.
Morals in America, how aided by equality of condition, ii. 218.
Morals of Americans superior to those of the English, as depicted in their literary productions, ii. 217.
Municipal bodies and townships, their system of operation in America, i. 61.
Mutual obligations, originating in the laws of society, ii. 174.
Mutual relations, influence of the democratic principle upon, ii. 202.
N.
National features of the times of the first settlers of the new world, i. 28.
National works of the Americans, ii. 168.
Necessity, the doctrine of, its influence on society, ii. 93.
Negroes in the United States, their relative position and destiny, i. 362. Compared with the Indians and Americans, i. 362. Origin of their condition of slavery, i. 363. Their situation and its dangers to the whites, i. 386. Why it is more difficult to abolish slavery now than it was in ancient times, i. 387. Prejudices against the whites increased as slavery becomes abolished, i. 389. Their situation in the northern and southern states, i. 390. Why the Americans seek to abolish slavery, i. 392. That servitude which debases the slave is prejudicial to the master, i. 392. Contrast between the right and left bank of the Ohio—causes of the difference, i. 393. The black race, as well as slavery, recedes toward the south—the explanation of the fact, i. 397. Difficulties attending the abolition of slavery in the south, i. 399. Dangers to come—general anxiety, &c., i. 400. Foundation of Liberia in Africa, i. 468. Why the Americans of the south increase the hardships of slavery, while they are distressed at its continuance, i. 410.
New England States, origin of their social theory, i. 30. Characteristics of its first colonists, i. 31. Nathaniel Morton's account of the first settlers in the, i. 32. Rapid increase of their population, i. 35. Their homogeneous and democratic character, i. 35. Favourable system of the English government in, i. 36. Their townships constituted in 1650, i. 40. Their public affairs discussed by citizens in the market-places, i. 40. The sovereignty of their townships in their internal affairs and subjection to the state in all other matters, i. 66. Townships of the New England slates compared with those of France, i. 67. The public spirit of, &c., i. 68. Mode of administration of, &c., i. 72.
New school of philosophy, its origin, &c., ii. 3. Why more followed by the French, ii. 4.
Newspapers, their influence on public associations, &c., ii. 119. Their extent in proportion to the centralization of government, ii. 120. The causes of their great circulation in the United Slates, ii. 121.
Non-commissioned officers in a democratic army, remarks on, ii. 289 Their desire for war, ii. 289.
O.
Obtrusiveness of the Americans illustrated, &c., ii. 182.
Officers, the, of government in a democracy, hatred of, by the people, ii. 315.
Opinions, individual, why prevalent in the United States, ii. 2.
Opinions, unsettled, of the Americans, a result of their condition, ii. 74.
Opinions of interest in aristocratic ages, ii. 129.
Opinions of the majority in the United States, their arbitrary character, ii. 274.
Opinions on the probable tendencies of governments, ii. 350.
P.
Panics, commercial, their causes, ii. 168.
Pantheism, causes of its existence in democratic ages, ii. 31. In France and Germany, ii. 31.
Parental authority, its condition in the United States, ii. 202. Causes of its limitation, ii. 203. In aristocratic countries, ii. 204.
Parliament of England, the influence of its debates, ii. 97.
Parties, division of, in the United States, their different characteristics, i. 186. Great extent of, in America, i. 187. Federalists, republicans, &c., defeat of the former, i. 188. Difficulty of creating in the United States, i. 190. Contest of General Jackson with the bank, i. 191. Members of, their duty to their constituents, ii. 95.
Party, aristocratic, remains of, in the United States, its characteristics, i. 191.
Pascal, the motives which impelled his deep research, ii. 44. His remarks on religious belief, ii. 134. His opinions on quality, &c., ii. 260.
Patriotism of the Americans, remarks on, ii. 240. Absence of it in the feudal ages, ii. 240.
Peace, the desire of, a characteristic of democratic ages, ii. 280.
People, the, why they may strictly be said to govern in the United States, i. 184.
People, the source of power, a sentiment advancing in the European states, ii. 310.
People, the, different sense of the term in ancient and modern times, ii. 64.
Personal interest involved in a desire for the general good, ii. 129.
Philosophical method of the Americans, remarks on, ii. 1.
Physical well-being, prevalent taste in America compared with England, ii. 136.
Physical gratifications, their tendency to materialism, ii. 141.
Pilgrims, the, Morton's account of the departure of, i. 33.
Place-hunting in the United States, ii. 265. Its evils, &c., ii. 266.
Plato, his belief in materialism, ii. 155.
Plutarch's remarks on martial prowess, &c., ii. 250.
Poetry, philosophical definition of, ii. 75. Its sources among a democratic people, ii. 75. Its subjects rendered less numerous but more vast by the influence of the principle of equality, ii. 81.
Political advantages of the local administration of the United States, i. 97.
Political jurisdiction of the United States, remarks on, i. 109. Its operation mild, consequently a powerful instrument in the hands of the majority, i. 111.
Political jurisdiction of England and France, their respective uses, i. 110.
Political associations in the United States, i. 204. Uses made of them by the Americans, i. 205. Their classification, i. 205. How the people of the United States apply the representative system to them, i. 206. The great convention of 1831 relating to the tariff, i. 207. Why their unlimited right is less dangerous in America than elsewhere, i. 208. Their activity in a democratic country, i. 209. Their limitations, &c., ii. 128. Their different manner in which they are understood in Europe and America, i. 209. Different uses to which they are applied, i. 211.
Political equality distinguished from political freedom, ii. 100.
Political agitations, no ultimate injury to a state, ii. 126.
Political ambition, its violent character, ii. 262.
Political society, the influence of democratic sentiments upon, ii. 305.
Political revolutions, remarks upon, ii. 352.
Pompous expressions, their affected use by the ignorant, ii. 70.
Popular belief, its sources and the causes of its diversity among democratic nations, ii. 7. The necessity for union in, ii. 8. The effect of aristocratic influence upon, ii. 9.
Popular favour, the kind of services necessary in a delegate to ensure it in the United States, ii. 111.
Popularity, the love of, great in the representatives of a democratic people, ii. 95.
Posterity, little regard for, among the Americans, ii. 262.
Poverty, its extent in aristocratic and democratic countries compared, ii. 268.
Power of the majority in the United States unlimited, i. 278.
Power, supreme, in the United States emanates from the people, ii. 309.
Power, insecurity of, in a representative of the United States, ii. 95.
Precocious marriages in America rare, ii. 213.
Precocity of American females, ii. 209.
Preference for established opinions in America, ii. 276.
President, the, elective and responsible, his dependencies, &c., i. 124. His salary fixed on his entry into office, i. 125. Suspensive veto, i. 126. Difference of position with that of a constitutional king of France, i. 127. The mere executor of the law, i. 128. The checks upon, in the exercise of the executive authority, i. 129. His power to nominate public officers, i. 129. Prerogatives of, no opportunity of exercising, i. 130. Why he does not require the majority of the two houses in order to carry on the affairs of the government, i. 131. The election of, i. 137. Case in which the house of representatives is called upon to choose, i. 140. Re-election of a president, the reasons for and against it, i. 142.
Press, liberty of the, its extent and influence in America, i. 194. Reasons of some nations for cherishing it, i. 195. A necessary consequence of the sovereignty of the people as understood in America, i. 196.
Press, periodical, violent language of the, in the United Stales, i. 196. Peculiar propensities of it, i. 196. Judicial prosecutions of it rare in the United States, i. 200. Why it is less powerful in America than elsewhere, i. 201. Its opinions more firm in the United States than in Europe, i. 202.
Pride of descents, the secret love of, among the Americans, ii. 184.
Pride, the ruling vice of the age, ii. 263.
Pride and servility, alike the characteristics of a democratic people, ii. 314.
Primogeniture, the influence of its non-existence in the United States, ii. 38.
Principles, stability of, and mutability of actions, in the people of the United States, ii. 273.
Private independence, how sustained in democratic countries and also in aristocratic, ii. 344.
Privilege, hatred of, in a democracy most intense when most rare, ii. 314. How favourable to concentration, ii. 314.
Privileges of society, and those of individuals, the estimate of, in a democracy, ii. 309.
Privileges, exclusive, repugnant to a democratic people, ii. 308.
Productions of magnitude few in the United States, ii. 55.
Promotion, its rarity in a democratic army during peace, ii. 293.
Propensities of men, in democratic nations to despise their rulers, ii. 351.
Property, its influence in aristocratic countries on marriage, ii. 219.
Property, division of, in the United States, and its influence on the family relations, ii. 205.
Property, love of, prevalent in the United States, ii. 272.
Protestanism, its tendency to Roman Catholicism, ii. 29.
Protracted war, dangerous to a republic, ii. 285.
Provincial institutions more necessary in proportion as the social condition becomes more democratic, i. 99.
Public associations, in civil life, among the Americans, their uses, &c., ii. 114. In England and America compared, ii. 115. Their power and influence, ii. 116. The duty of a government to foster them, ii. 117.
Public officers under the control of the democracy in the United States, i. 223. Their remunerations, i. 224. Arbitrary power of magistrates in America greater than in absolute monarchies, i. 225. In New England, vide note, i. 227. In aristocratic countries compared with democratic, their motives, &c., ii. 162.
Public opinion, force of, in the United States, ii. 277. Its progress in the world at large, ii. 278. Causes of its changes illustrated, ii. 275. Its restricted influence in America, ii. 2. Its influence on a democratic people, ii. 9. Its foundation in the principle of equality, ii. 11.
Public Spirit in the United States, i. 262. Patriotism of instincts and reflection, their respective characteristics, i. 262. That nations ought to acquire the second when the first has disappeared, i. 263. Efforts of the Americans to acquire it, i. 263. Individual interest, its intimate connexion with that of the country, i. 264.
R.
Races, the, which inhabit the territory of the United States, their present condition, and probable future destiny, i. 361.
Racine, his preface to Britannicus, &c., ii. 85.
Rank, military degrees of, in a republic inalienable, ii. 288.
Raphael, remarks on some pictures of, ii. 53.
Religion and liberty, incorporated in the first institutions of New England, i. 43. Principal causes which render religion powerful in America, i. 336. Care taken to separate church and state, i. 337. The laws, public opinion, and even the clergy, concur to promote this end, i. 337. Influence of it on the mind in the United States attributable to this, i. 338. What the natural state of men with regard to it at the present time, i. 342. What the peculiar and incidental causes which prevent men in certain countries from arriving at this state, i. 343. Fewer external forms of it required in a democratic age, ii. 25. Austerity in, its fatal tendency, ii. 26.
Religion, the influence of worldly interests upon among the Americans, ii. 135.
Religions, their variety and extent in the United States, ii. 142.
Religious opinions, their indirect influence upon society in America, i. 331. Respect for the marriage tie, i. 332, In what respect they confine the imagination and check the passion for innovation among the Americans, i. 333. Opinions of the Americans on the political utility of religion, i. 334. Their exertions to extend and secure its predominance, i. 335. Institutions of America, ii. 4. Sects, their diversity in the United States, ii. 5. Belief, the influence it derives from the democratic principle, ii. 20. Its tendency to induce the contemplation of immaterial objects, ii. 154. Independence, its supposed incompatibility with political freedom, ii. 22.
Rents of Farms in Europe, their increase a proof of the advance of the democratic principle, ii. 197.
Republican institutions of the United States, their probable duration, i. 450. The Union accidental, i. 451. A republic, the natural state of the Americans, i. 452. Reasons of this, i. 453. To destroy it the laws must be wholly changed and also public manners, i. 453. Montesquieu's remarks on the subject, i. 455. The difficulties which would be experienced by the Americans in creating an aristocracy, i. 456. Constitution commonly supposed short-lived, ii. 342.
Reserve, habits of, among the French women contrasted with American, ii. 210.
Restless spirit of the Americans, causes of, ii. 144.
Revolutions, their effects, &c., ii. 5. The causes which excite them, ii. 267. Their objects, &c., ii. 268. Their consequences, &c., ii. 270. Modern method of judging of, ii. 270.
Revolutionary passion opposed to commercial pursuits, ii. 271. Habits and notions in a democracy, their after influence, ii. 349.
Rhode Island, the general assembly declared its government democratic in 1641, i. 140.
Rights of sovereignty, exercised by the legislature of the New England states, i. 38.
Rights of inspection and indictment of the court of sessions of New England, i. 78.
Rights, the notion of, essential to a great people, how imparted, i. 265.
Roman Catholic priests, their characteristics in the United States, ii. 27. Religion, its progress and extent in the United States, ii. 29. Its tendency to infidelity, ii. 29.
Roman municipalities the power and extent of, ii. 336. Emperors, their unbounded influence, ii. 336. Romans, the, their ignorance and greatness, ii. 56. Their cruelty to captives, ii. 177.
Rulers, in a democracy, the corruption and vices of, and consequent effects on the public morals, i. 243. In aristocratic and democratic countries compared, i. 243.
S.
Sabbath, the respect paid to in the United States, ii. 152.
Savings' banks, their origin and influence, ii. 327.
Sciences, the causes of their limited progress in the United States, ii. 35. How they are theoretically studied in aristocratic countries and practically in democratic, ii. 45.
Self-sacrifice, acts of, involved in the principle of interest, ii. 131.
Senate, the, and house of representatives, difference between, i. 124.
Senate named by the provincial legislature, the representatives by the people, i. 124. Terms of the several officers of, i. 124.
Sensitiveness of the Americans abroad, and the absence of it at home, ii. 181.
Seriousness of the Americans, partly influenced by their political institutions, ii. 234.
Servants in the United States, their peculiarities, ii. 190.
Servants and masters in America, their similarity of condition, ii. 191.
Sevigne, Madame de, letters of, ii. 175.
Sexes, the, their equality in the United States, ii. 224.
Similarity of tastes and habits superinduced by equality of condition, ii. 274.
Slavery, dishonourable to labour, causing idleness, ignorance, luxury, and distress, i. 30. Why its abolition is more difficult now than it was in ancient times, i. 387. The Americans desire its abolition, i. 392. How it recedes, as well as the black race, toward the south, i. 397. Difficulties attending its abolition in the south, i. 399. Dangers to come—general anxiety on the subject, &c., i. 400. Why Americans in the south increase the hardships of slavery, while they are distressed at its continuance, i. 410. Opinions of, by the ancients, ii. 15. Its influence in the southern states, ii. 193.
Small nations, the happiness and freedom of, i. 161.
Social condition of the Anglo-Americans, a characteristic of democracy, i. 47. Political consequences resulting from the, i. 55.
Social condition of a democracy, its influence on action, ii. 160. The dangers to which it is exposed and the remedies for these, ii. 160.
Social condition in England, ii. 179.
Social condition of France, past and present, ii. 222.
Social habits of the Americans, ii. 179.
Social melioration in the United States, more energetically but less perseveringly conducted than in Europe, i. 239.
Society, new forms of, its influence on private judgement, ii. 6. The subdivisions of, caused by the principle of equality, ii. 228. Its sub- divisions in aristocratic countries, ii. 228. Its mixed character in a democracy, ii. 231. Its general aspect in the United States, ii. 242. Its excitements, monotony, vicissitudes, &c., ii. 242.
Socrates, his opinions on materialism, &c., ii. 155.
Sovereignty of the people, the principle of, in the United States, i. 57. Application of the principle of, by the Americans previous to the revolution, i. 58.
Sovereignty of the nation, principle of, in the composition of the house of representatives, i. 122.
Sovereigns of Europe, the earlier, the origin of their income, &c., ii. 326. Their freedom, &c., ii. 326. Their increased wealth and power, &c., ii. 326.
State, the executive power and influence of the, i. 87.
States, the separate, sovereignty of, apparently weaker, but really stronger than that of the Union, i. 178.
Steam-engine, its introduction by the Americans, ii. 46.
Strength, often the first element of national prosperity, i. 172.
Subordinate classes, the, their notions of pride and self-respect, ii. 188.
Suits of the Union and those of the separate states, i. 151.
Supreme court, the, its peculiar characteristics, in the United States, i. 147. Its high rank among the great powers of the state, i. 159. The great judicial power of the United States—the extent of its prerogative, its political influence, &c., i. 159. The tranquillity and very existence of the Union, dependant on the wise discretion of, i. 161.
Supreme power in a democratic nation, stronger than in any other, ii. 319. The causes which afiect its influence upon society, ii. 334.
T.
Temperance societies, their extent and influence in the United States, ii. 118.
Theatres, the, their influence in forming the tastes of the people, ii. 85. Their peculiarities in democratic countries, ii. 86. The small attendance at, in the United States, the causes of this, &c., ii. 88.
Townships and municipal bodies, the system of, in America, i. 61. Of New England, description of, i. 63.
Trades and professions, the emulation in, less in democratic than aristocratic countries, ii. 50.
Trial by jury, in the United Slates considered as a political institution, i. 307. Extract from Mr. Story, upon, i. 308. An instrument of the sovereignty of the people, i. 308. Composition of juries in the United States, i. 308. Effects of the system upon the national character, i. 309. Its tendency to advance the education of the people, i. 312. Its tendency to establish the authority of the magistrates and to extend a knowledge of law, among the people, i. 314.
U.
Union, the natural causes of, existing among confederated peoples, beside laws, i. 178.
Union, American, the causes in favour of its duration, and what dangers threaten it, i. 413. Reasons why the preponderating force lies in the states, i. 413. Why it will only endure, so long as the states choose to belong to it, i. 414. Causes which tend to keep them united, i. 420. Its utility for resisting foreign enemies and to prevent the existence of foreigners in America, i. 421. No natural barriers between the several states, i. 422 No conflicting interests to divide them, i. 422. Reciprocal interests of the northern, southern, and western states, i. 423. Intellectual ties of the Union—uniformity of opinions, &c., i. 424. Dangers to which it is exposed, resulting from the different characters and passions of its citizens, i. 425. Character of the citizens in the north and south, i. 431. The rapid growth of the Union, one of its greatest dangers, i. 433. Progress of the population to the northwest, i. 434. Passions originating from sudden turns of fortune, i. 435. Whether the existing government of the Union, tends to gain strength, or to lose it, i. 436. Various signs of its decrease, i. 437. Internal improvements, i. 438. Waste lands, i. 439. Indians, &c., i. 440. The bank and its advantages, i. 443. The tariff, i. 444. General Jackson, i. 447.
United States, the advantages of the federal system of, 173.
Utilitarianism, the doctrine of, its existence and influence in the United States, ii. 22.
V.
Vanity of the Americans, excessive, ii. 238.
Vanity of the English, partial absence of, ii. 239.
Vindictive character of the Americans, ii. 181.
Virginia, the first English colony of, established in 1607, i. 29.
Extravagant ideas of its wealth, by the first emigrants, i. 29.
W.
Wages, the influence of democracy upon, their increase, &c., ii. 199.
Wages in France, their condition, &c., ii. 200.
Wages, their sudden rise and fall, ii. 201.
War, the main peril of confederations, i. 181. The dread of, the causes which induce it, ii. 298. Some considerations on, in a democratic country, ii. 298. Machiavelli's observations on, ii. 300. Its existence in aristocratic and democratic countries compared, ii. 303. Civil, in democratic ages, unfrequent, ii. 303.
Wars, great, why the Union has none to fear, i. 183.
Washington, the city of, described, ii. 55.
Wealth, men of, engaged in commercial pursuits, fee, ii. 167. Their different pursuits in aristocratic and democratic countries, ii. 167.
Wealthy, the, their intercourse with the lower classes, ii. 111.
Winthrop's speech in defence of liberty, &c., i. 42.
Wives, in the United States, their peculiar characteristics, &c., ii. 202. Their loss of independence in matrimony, ii. 202.
Women, the, of America, respect paid to them by the opposite sex, ii. 226. Their superiority, the source of national greatness, ii. 227.
Workmen, the classes of, numerous and uninformed, ii. 200.
World, the other, in seeking the concerns of, the secret of success in this, ii. 159.
Worldly pursuits, excessive care, evils of, ii. 159.