Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume XIV

	Volume XIV Kaolin – Lons-le-Saulnier
Ka – Ky	L – La	Le – Lh	Li – Lo
Kaolin, porcelain clay. Kapurthala, state, India. Karachi (Kurrachee, q.v.), district & town, India. Kara-Hissar, three towns, Asiatic Turkey. Karaites, Jewish sect. Karakorum, town, Central Asia. Karamzin, Nikolai Mikhailovich, Russian writer. Karasu-Bazar, town, Russia. Karatcheff, town, Russia. Karategin, country, Central Asia. Karauli, state & town, India. Karczag, or Kardszag, town, Hungary. Karikal, town, India. Karmathians, or Karmathites, Mohammedan people, Arabia (See Arabia and Mohammedanism). Karnac, Egypt, Temple of (See Architecture and Egypt). Karnal, district & town, India. Karnul, district and town, Madras, India. Kars, town, Transcaucasia, Russia. Karshi, town, Central Asia. Karwar, town, India. Kasan, or Kazan (q.v.), Russia. Kasanlik, town, Roumelia, Turkey. Kaschau, town, Hungary. Kashgar, town, Turkestan. Kashi, glazed ornamentation of Oriental buildings. Kashin, town, Russia. Kashkar, state, Hindu Kush. Kashmir, or Cashmere, Central Asia, valley and state. Kasimbazar, town, India. Kasimoff, town, Russia. Kassa (Kaschau, q.v.), town, Hungary. Kastamuni, town, Asia Minor. Kastoria, town, European Turkey. Kater, Henry, English physicist. Kathiawar, district, India. Katif, town, Arabia. Katsena, town, Central Africa. Kattowitz, town, Prussia. Katwa, town, Bengal, India. Kaufbeuren, town, Bavaria. Kauffman, Angelica, Swiss artist. Kaulbach, Wilhelm von, German painter. Kaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Austrian statesman. Kava, intoxicating drink, of South Sea Islands. Kavala, town, European Turkey. Kavanagh, Julia, Irish novelist. Kaveri, or Cauvery, river, India. Kay, John, Scottish caricaturist. Kaye, Sir John William, historian of India. Kazala, town, Central Asia. Kazan, government & town, Russia. Kazinczy, Ferencz, Hungarian writer. Kean, Charles John, English actor. Kean, Edmund, English actor. Keats, John, English poet. Keble, John, English poet. Kecskemet, town, Hungary. Keeling Islands, Indian Ocean. Keff, or Kef, town, Tunis. Keighley, town, England. Kei Islands, Indian Archipelago. Keim, Theodor, German theologian. Keith, Scottish family, earls marischal of Scotland. Keith, Francis Edward James, Prussian marshal. Kej, town, Baluchistan. Kelat (Khelat, q.v.), town, Baluchistan. Kellermann, François Christophe, French marshal. Kellgren, Johan Henrik, Swedish poet and critic. Kells, town, Ireland. Kelp, source of iodine. Kelso, town, Scotland. Kemble, Charles, English actor. Kemble, John Mitchell, English scholar and historian. Kemble, John Philip, English actor. Kempis, Thomas a, mediæval writer. Kempten, town, Bavaria. Ken, Thomas, English non-juring bishop. Kennicott, Benjamin, English Hebraist. Kenosha, town, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Kensington, part of London. Kent, county, England. Kent, James, American jurist. Kent, William, English artist and landscape gardener. Kentigern, St, Celtic missionary. Kentucky, State, U.S.A. Kenyon, Lord, English chief-justice. Keokuk, town, Iowa, U.S.A. Kepler, Johann, German astronomer. Kerak, town, Syria. Kerbela, town, Asiatic Turkey. Kerguelen’s Land, island, Southern Ocean. Kerkuk, or Kerkook, town, Asiatic Turkey. Kerman (Kirman, q.v.), province, Persia. Kermanshah (Kirmanshahan, q.v.), town and district, Persia. Kermes, insect and crimson dye from it. Kerner, Justinus Andreas, German writer. Kerry, county, Ireland. Kertch, town, Russia. Kesmark, town, Hungary. Kestrel, bird. Keswick, town, England. Keszthely, town, Hungary. Ketchup, sauce. Keti, town, India. Kettering, town, England. Keunjhar, or Keunjur, state, India. Keunthal, state, India. Kew, town, England. Kew-Keang Foo, town, China. Key West, island and town, Florida, U.S.A. Khabarovka, town, Siberia, Russia. Khairabad, town, India. Khairpur, town, India. Khamgaon, town, India. Khandesh, district, India. Khandpara, state & town, India. Khandwa, town, India. Kharkoff, government & town, Russia. Kharput, town, Armenia. Khartum, or Khartoum, town, Egypt. Khasi and Jaintia Hills, district, India. Khatmandu, town, Nepal. Khazars, ancient people, Caucasus. Khelat, town, Baluchistan. Kheri, district, India. Kherson, government & town, Russia. Khiva, khanate & town, Turkestan. Khoi, town and district, Persia. Khojend, town, Turkestan. Khokand, town, Turkestan. Khonsar, town, Persia. Khoramabad, town, Persia. Khorasan, or Korassan, province, Persia. Khosrau, or Chosroes, kings of Persia (q.v.). Khotan, town and district, Turkestan. Khotin, or Khoteen, town, Russia. Khulna, town, India. Khurja, town, India. Khushab, town, India. Khuzistan, province, Persia. Khyrpoor (Khairpur, q.v.), town, India. Kiachta, or Kiakhta, town, Siberia. Kidderminster, town, England. Kidnapping, in law. Kieff, government & town, Russia. Kiel, town, Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia. Kielce, town, Russian Poland. Kierkegaard, Sören, Danish philosopher. Kildare, county, Ireland. Kilia, town, Roumania. Kilian, St, apostle of Franconia. Kilimanjaro, mountain, East Africa. Kilkenny, county & town, Ireland. Killarney, town, Ireland. Killdeer, bird. Killiz, town, Syria. Kilmarnock, town, Scotland. Kilsyth, town, Scotland. Kilwinning, town, Scotland. Kimberley, town, South Africa. Kimhi, or Kimchi, Rabbi David, Jewish grammarian. Kimpulung, town, Roumania. Kincardine, county, Scotland. Kindergarten, eduational institution. Kinematics, branch of dynamics (See Mechanics). King, William, archbishop of Dublin. King-Bird. Kingfisher, bird. Kinglet, bird. Kings, First and Second Books of. King’s County, Ireland. Kingsley, Charles, English poet and novelist. Kingston, town, New York, U.S.A. Kingston, town, Ontario, Canada. Kingston, town, Jamaica (q.v.). Kingston-on-Thames, town, England. Kingston-upon-Hull, town, England (See Hull). Kingston, W. H. Giles, English writer of boys’ stories. Kingstown, town, Ireland. King-Tih Chin, town, China. Kino, drug. Kinross, county & town, Scotland. Kinsale, town, Ireland. Kioto, town, Japan. Kippis, Andrew, English writer. Kirby, William, English entomologist. Kircher, Athanasius, German scholar and mathematician. Kirchheim-unter-Teck, town, Würtemberg. Kirghiz, Tartar tribes. Kirin, town, Manchuria. Kirkcaldy, town, Scotland. Kirkcudbright, county, Scotland. Kirki, or Kirkee, town, India. Kirkintilloch, town, Scotland. Kirk-Kilissia, town, European Turkey. Kirkwall, town, Orkney, Scotland. Kirmanshahan, Kermanshah, or Karmanshah, town and district, Persia. Kirriemuir, town, Scotland. Kirsanoff, town, Russia. Kisfaludy, Karoly, Hungarian poet. Kisfaludy, Sandor, Hungarian poet Kish, island, Persian Gulf. Kishangarh, Kishengurh, or Krishnagarh, state, India. Kishineff, or Kishlanow, town, Moldavia. Kishm, island, Persian Gulf. Kissingen, town, Bavaria. Kistna, district, India. Kistna, river, India. Kit-Cat-Club, London. Kite, bird. Kitto, John, English biblical writer. Kitzingen, town, Bavaria. Kiung-chou-foo (Hainan, q.v.), island, China. Kiwi, bird. Kizliar, or Kizlar, town, Russia. Kladno, town, Bohemia. Klagenfurt, town, Austria. Klaproth, Heinrich Julius von, German Orientalist. Klattau, town, Bohemia. Klausenburg, town, Hungary. Klausthal, town, Prussia. Kléber, Jean Baptiste, French general. Klein, Julius Leopold, German dramatist. Klintzy, town, Russia. Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb, German poet. Klosterneuburg, town, Austria. Knaresborough, town, England. Kneller, Sir Godfrey, painter. Knight, Charles, English author and publisher. Knighthood. Knitting, manufacture. Knolles, Richard, English historian. Knot, Knots, Theories of. Knot, bird. Knowles, James Sheridan, English dramatist. Knox, John, Scottish Reformer. Knoxville, town, Tennessee, U.S.A. Kobelyaki, town, Russia. Kobrin, town, Russia. Kock, Charles Paul de, French novelist. Kodungalur, town, India. Kohat, district, India. Kohl, Johann Georg, German traveller and writer. Kolaba, district, India. Kolar, district, India. Kölcsey, Ferencz, Hungarian poet and orator. Kolding, town, Denmark. Kolhapur, state and town, India. Kolin, town, Bohemia. Kolomea, or Kolomyia, town and district, Austria. Kolomna. Komorn, town, Hungary. Komotau, town, Bohemia. Kongsberg, town, Norway. Königgrätz, town, Bohemia. Königinhof, town, Bohemia. Königsberg, town, Prussia. Königshütte, town, Prussia. Konitz, town, Russia. Konotop, town, Russia. Köpenick, town, Prussia. Kopreinitz, town, Hungary. Koprili, town, European Turkey. Koran, The, sacred book of Islam (See Mohammed). Korat, territory & town, Siam. Kordofan, province, Soudan, Africa. Korea, state, India. Koritsa, town, Albania, Turkey. Körner, Karl Theodor, German poet. Korotcha, town, Russia. Korotoyak, town, Russia. Kosciusko, Thaddeus, Polish patriot. Kosi, town, India. Köslin, town, Prussia. Kosloff, or Kozloff, town, Russia. Kostendil, town, Bulgaria, Turkey. Koster or Coster, Laurens, Dutch painter. Kostroma, government & town, Russia. Kotah, state, India. Köthen, town, Germany. Kotri, town, India. Kottbus, town, Prussia. Kotzebue, August Friedrich Ferdinand von, German dramatist. Kotzebue, Otto von, Russian navigator. Kousso, drug. Kovno, government & town, Russia. Kovroff, town, Russia. Kozelsk, town, Russia. Krafft or Kraft, Adam, German sculptor. Krajova, town, Roumania. Krantz, Albert, German historian. Krasnoyarsk, town, Siberia. Kremenetz, town, Russia. Krementchug, town, Russia. Kremnitz, town, Hungary. Kremsier, town, Austria. Kreutzer, Conradin, German musical composer. Kreuznach, town, Prussia. Kriloff, Ivan Andreevitch, Russian fabulist. Krishnagar, town, India. Krolevetz, town, Russia. Krotoschin, town, Prussia. Krüdener, Baroness von, Russian pietist. Krumen, Negro race, West Africa. Krummacher, family of German religious writers & pietists. Krusenstern, Adam John, Russian navigator. Kuba, town, Caucasus, Russia. Kuban, district and government, Russia. Kublai Khan, Mongol ruler. Kuchan, town and district, Persia. Kuch Behar, state & town, India. Kuen-Lun, mountains, Tibet. Kuka, or Kukawa, town, Bornu, Africa. Kuku Khoto, town, China. Kuldja, Old and New, towns, Central Asia. Kullu, district, India. Kulm, town, Prussia. Kulmbach, town, Bavaria. Kum, town, Persia. Kumaun, district and division, India. Kumpta, town, India. Kunch, town, India. Kungur, town, Russia. Kurdistan, country, Western Asia. Kurgan, town, Siberia. Kurile Islands, North-Eastern Asia. Kurrachee, district & town, India. Kursk, government & town, Russia. Kustendje, town, Roumania. Küstrin, town, Prussia. Kutaiah, town, Asia Minor. Kutais, town, Caucasus, Russia. Kuttenberg, town, Bohemia. Kuty, town, Austria. Kuznetsk, town, Siberia. Kyouk-Hpyu, district, Burmah.	L, the twelfth letter of the alphabet. La Badie, Labadists, French Pietist & religious sect. Labarum, sacred standard. Labeo, Marcus Antistius, Roman jurist. Laberius, Decimus, Latin farceur. Labienus, Titus, Roman general. Labour and Labour Laws. Labrador, territory, North America. La Bruyère, Jean de, French moralist. Labuan, island, Indian Archipelago. Laburnum, tree. Labyrinth, in mythology & in gardening. Lac, resinous incrustation. Lacaille, Nicolas Louis de, French astronomer. La Calle, or La Cala, town, Algeria. Laccadives, islands, Indian Ocean. Lace. Lacedæmon (Laconia & Sparta, q.v.), state, Greece. Lacépède, Bernard G. É. de la Ville, Comte de, French naturalist. La Chalotais, Louis René de Caradeuc de, French politician. Lachish, town, Palestine. Lachmann, Karl Konrad Friedrich Wilhelm, German philologist. La Condamine, Charles Marie de, French geographer and mathematician. Laconia, state, ancient Greece. Lacordaire, Jean Baptiste Henri, French orator. Lacquer, varnish. Lacretelle, Charles de, French historian and journalist. Lacrosse, game. La Crosse, town, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Lacrymatory, ancient utensil. Lactantius Firmianus, early Christian writer. Lactic Acid. Ladak and Balti, districts, Tibet. La Dixmerie, Nicolas Bricaire de, French writer. Ladoga, Lake, Russia. Ladrone Islands, North Pacific Ocean. Lady Day, feast of the Annunciation (q.v.). Laennec, René Théodore Hyacinthe, inventor of the stethescope. Laer, Pieter van, Dutch painter. Læstrygones, mythic race of giants. La Farina, Giuseppe, Italian writer and politician. Lafayette, town, Indiana, U.S.A. La Fayette, Marie Jean Paul, Marquis de, French general and statesman. La Flèche, town, France. La Fontaine, Jean de, French poet and fabulist. Lafosse, Charles de, French painter. Lago Maggiore, lake, Italy and Switzerland (See Maggiore). Lagos, town, Portugal. Lagos, British settlement, West Africa. Lagrange, Joseph Louis, mathematician. Lagrenée, Louis Jean François, French painter. Lahire, Laurent de, French painter. Lahore, division and district & town, India. Lahr, town, Baden, Germany. Laibach, town, Austria. Laing, Alexander Gordon, African explorer. Laing, David, Scottish antiquary. Laing, Malcolm, Scottish historian. Lai-yang, town, China. Lake, Lakes. Lake Dwellings. Lakhimpur, district, Assam, India. Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de’, French astronomer. Lalitpur, district, India. Lally, Thomas Arthur, Comte de, French general. Lamaism. Lama-Miau, town, Mongolia. Lamarck, Jean Baptiste P. A. de Monet, Chevalier de, French naturalist. Lamartine, Alphonse Maria Louis de Prat de, French writer and statesman. Lamb, Charles, English essayist. Lamballe, Marie T. L., Princesse de. Lambert, Johann Heinrich, German physicist. Lambert, John, English Parliamentary general. Lambèse, or Lambessa, town, Algeria. Lambeth, part of London (q.v.). Lamech, of Scripture. Lambego, town, Portugal. Lamennais, Hugues Félicité Robert de, French theologian and philosopher. Lamentations, Book of. Lamettrie, or La Mettrie, Julien Offray de, French philosopher. Lamia, of Greek legend. Lämmergeyer, bird. Lamont, Johann von, German astronomer. La Motte Fouqué, Friedrich Heinrich Karl, Baron de, German writer (See Fouqué). Lamp, Lamps. Lamp-Black, pigment. Lampedusa, island, Mediterranean. Lamprey, fish. Lampridius, Ælius, Augustan historian (q.v.). Lampsacus, Greek colony, Asia Minor. Lanark, county & town, Scotland. Lancashire, or Lancaster, county, England. Lancaster, town, England. Lancaster, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Lancaster, town, Ohio, U.S.A. Lancaster, Royal House of. Lancaster, Sir James, English navigator. Lancaster, Joseph, English educationist. Lancelet, fish. Lancewood. Lan-chow Foo, town, China. Lanciano, town, Italy. Lancret, Nicolas, French painter. Land. Landau, town, Bavaria. Landen, John, English mathematician. Lander, Richard, African explorer. Landes, department, France. Landlord and Tenant, Law of. Landon, Charles Paul, French painter. Landon, Letitia Elisabeth, English poetess. Landor, Walter Savage, English writer. Landsberg-an-der-Warthe, town, Prussia. Landseer, Sir Edwin Henry, English painter. Landshut, town, Bavaria. Landskrona, town, Sweden. Lane, Edward William, English Orientalist. Lanfranc, archbishop of Canterbury. Lanfrey, Pierre, French historian. Langensalza, town, Prussia. Langland, or Langley, William, early English poet. Langres, town, France. Langton, Stephen, archbishop of Canterbury. Language, Languages (See Philology). Languedoc, province, France. Languet, Hubert, French diplomatist. Lannes, Jean, French marshal. La Noue, François de, Huguenot captain. Lansdowne, First Marquis of, English statesman. Lansing, town, Michigan, U.S.A. Lansingburgh, town, New York, U.S.A. Lantara, Simon Mathurin, French painter. Lantern-Fly, insect. Lanthanum, Italian antiquary. Lanzi, Luigi. Laocoon, in Greek legend. Laodicea, Greek towns, Asia Minor. Laon, town, France. Laos, Indo-Chinese people. Lâo-tsze, or Laou-tsze, Chinese author and founder of Tâoism. La Paz, town, Bolivia. La Pérouse, Jean-François Galaup de, French navigator. Lapidary, gem worker. Lapis Lazuli, mineral. Lapithæ, or Lapiths, in Greek mythology. Laplace, Pierre Simon, Marquis de, French mathematician and astronomer. Lapland, country, Northern Europe. La Porte, town, Indiana, U.S.A. Lappenberg, Johann Martin, German historian. Lapwing, bird. Lar, town, Persia. Larceny, or Theft (q.v.). Larch, tree. Lard, hog-fat. Lardner, Dionysius, scientific writer. Lardner, Daniel, English theological writer. Lares, Roman household gods. Largillière, Nicolas, French painter. Larissa, town, Greece. Laristan, province, Persia. Lark, bird. Larnaca, town, Cyprus (q.v.). La Rouchefoucauld, François de, French moralist. La Salle, town, Illinois, U.S.A. La Salle, Robert Cavelier, Sieur de, French explorer. Lascar, Oriental sailor. Lascaris, Constantine, Greek scholar. Lascaris, Joannes, Greek scholar. Las Casas, Bartolomé de, Apostle of the Indies. Lasco, or Lascki, John (Alasco, q.v.), Polish Reformer. Lassa (Lhasa, q.v.), town, Tibet. Lassalle, Ferdinand, German socialist. Lassen, Christian, Norwegian Orientalist. Latakia, town, Syria. Lathe, machine for turning. Latimer, Hugh, English Reformer and martyr. Latin Language. Latin Literature (See Rome). Latitude, in astronomy (q.v.), in surveying (See Geodesy), & geographical (q.v.). Latium, ancient division, Italy. Latona, in Roman mythology (the Greek Leto). Latreille, Pierre-André, French naturalist. Lauban, town, Prussia. Laud, William, archbishop of Canterbury. Laudanum, drug (See Opium). Lauder, Sir Thomas Dick, Scottish writer. Laurenburg, duchy, Germany. Launceston, town, England. Launceston, town, Tasmania. Laureate (See Royal Household). Laurel, tree. Laurens, Henry, American statesman. Laurens, John, American general. Lauria, town, Italy. Laurvik, or Laurvig, town, Norway. Lausanne, town, Switzerland. Lava, Volcanic (See Geology). Lavagna, town, Italy. Laval, town, France. Lavater, Johann Kaspar, Swiss physiognomist. Lavaur, town, France. Lavender, plant. Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent, French chemist. Law. Law, John, promoter of the Mississippi scheme. Law, William, English mystic. Lawes, Henry, English composer. Lawn-Tennis, game (See Tennis). Law of Nations (See International Law). Lawrence, town, Kansas, U.S.A. Lawrence, town, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Lawrence, St, martyr. Lawrence, Lord, governor-general, India. Lawrence, Sir Henry Montgomery, governor-general, India. Lawrence, Sir Thomas, English painter. Layamon, Saxon chronicler. Laybach (Laibach, q.v.), town, Austria. Laynez, Diego, general of the Jesuits (q.v.). Lazarites, Lazarists, or Lazarians, order of priests. Lazarus, St, Order of.	Lead, metal. Leadville, town, Colorado. Leake, William Martin, English antiquarian topographer. Leamington, town, England. Leander, of Greek legend (See Hero). Lease, in law (See Landlord and Tenant). Leather. Leather, Artificial. Leavenworth, town, Kansas, U.S.A. Lebanon, province, Asiatic Turkey. Lebanon, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Lebda (ancient Leptis, q.v.), town, Tripoli, Africa. Le Beau, Charles, French historian. Lebedin, town, Russia. Lebedyan, town, Russia. Lebrija, or Lebrixa, town, Spain. Le Brun, Charles, French painter. Lecce, town, Italy. Lecco, town, Italy. Le Clerc, Jean, Swiss theologian and writer. Lection, Lectionarium, Lectionary. Leda, in Greek legend (See Castor and Pollux). Ledru-Rollin, Alexandre Auguste, French politician. Ledyard, John, American traveller. Lee, Nathaniel, English dramatist. Lee, Richard Henry, American statesman. Lee, Robert Edward, American Confederate general. Leech, annelid. Leech, John, English caricaturist. Leeds, town, England. Leek, vegetable. Leek, town, England. Leer, town, Germany. Leeuwarden, town, Holland. Leeuwenhoek, Anthony van, Dutch microscopist. Leeward Islands, West Indies (q.v.). Lefèvre (Faber, q.v.), Jacobus, theologian. Legate, Papal. Legendre, Adrien Marie, French mathematician. Legerdemain, slight of hand. Leghorn, town, Italy. Legion of Honour, Order of the. Leh (Ladak, q.v.), district, Tibet. Leiah, town, India. Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm, German mathematician and philosopher. Leicester, county & town, England. Leicester, Simon de Montfort (q.v.), earl of. Leicester, Robert Dudley, earl of. Leigh, town, England. Leigh, Edward, Puritan Biblical critic. Leighton, Robert, bishop of Dunblane. Leighton-Buzzard, town, England. Leinster, province, Ireland. Leipsic, or Leipzig, town, Germany. Leith, town, Scotland. Leitmeritz, town, Bohemia. Leland, John (c 1506–1552), English antiquary. Leland, John (1691–1766), English theologian. Leleges, Greek race of people. Lelewel, Joachim, Polish historian. Lely, Sir Peter, English painter. Le Mans, town, France (See Mans). Lemberg, town, Austria. Lemming, rodent mammal. Lemnos Lemon, tree and fruit. Lemonnier, Pierre Charles, French astronomer. Lemur, Lemurs, group of mammals. Lena, river, Siberia (q.v.). Lenclos, Ninon de, Frenchwoman of society. Lenfant, Jacques, French ecclesiastical historian. Lenkoran, town, Transcaucasia, Russia. Lennep, town, Germany. Lennep, Jacob van, Dutch poet and novelist. Lent, church festival. Lentil, seed and plant. Lentini (Leontini, q.v.), ancient town, Siciliy. Leo I., pope. Leo II., pope. Leo III., pope. Leo IV., pope. Leo V., pope. Leo VI., pope. Leo VII., pope. Leo VIII., pope. Leo IX., pope. Leo X., pope. Leo XI., pope. Leo XII., pope. Leo I., the Great, emperor of the East. Leo III., the Isaurian, emperor. Leo V., the Armenian, emperor. Leo VI., the Philosopher, emperor. Leo, Johannes (Leo Africanus), Moorish writer. Leobschütz, town, Prussia. Leochares, Greek sculptor. Leominster, town, England. Leon, province & town, Spain. Leon, town, Mexico. Leon, town, Nicaragua. Leon, Luis Ponce de, or Fray Luis de, Spanish poet and religious writer. Leonardo da Vinci, Italian artist and man of science and letters. Leonidas, king of Sparta & Greek poets. Leontini, town, Sicily. Leopard, carnivorous mammal. Leopardi, Giacomo, Italian poet. Leopold I., emperor. Leopold II., emperor. Leopold I., king of the Belgians. Leopold I., duke of Anhalt-Dessau. Lepanto, town, Greece. Lepidosiren, genus of fishes. Lepidus, M. Æmilius, Roman consuls. Leprosy, disease. Leptis (Lebda), ancient town, Tripolis. Lérida, province & town, Spain. Lermontoff, Mikhail Yurevitch, Russian poet and novelist. Leroux, Pierre, French philosopher and politician. Lerwick, town, Shetland (q.v.), Scotland. Le Sage, Alain René, French novelist and dramatist. Lesbos, island, Ægean Sea, Asia Minor. Lesghians, or Lesghis, Caucasian tribes. Lesley, John, bishop of Ross, Scottish historian and statesman. Leslie, Alexander, earl of Leven (q.v.), Scottish general. Leslie, Charles, Irish non-juror. Leslie, Charles Robert, English painter. Leslie, Sir John, Scottish scientist. Leslie, Thomas Edward Cliffe, political economist. Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, German philosopher. L'Estrange, Sir Roger, English pamphleteer. Lesueur, Jean François, French musical composer. Lethe, in Greek mythology. Letronne, Jean Antoine, French archæologist. Lettres de Cachet. Letts, tribes, Lithuania (q.v.). Leucadia (Santa Maura, q.v.), one of the Ionian Islands, Greece. Leucippus, Greek philosopher. Leuk, village, Switzerland. Leutschau, town, Hungary. Leven, Earl of (Alexander Leslie), Scottish general. Leverrier, Urbain Jean Joseph, French astronomer. Levis, town, Canada. Levites, of Scripture. Leviticus, Book of (See Pentateuch). Lew-Chew Islands, North Pacific Ocean. Lewes, town, England. Lewes, George Henry, English writer. Lewis, or The Lews, pat of island, Hebrides, Scotland. Lewis, Sir George Cornewall, English writer and statesman. Lewis, Matthew Gregory, English writer. Lewis, Meriwether, American explorer. Lewiston, town, Maine, U.S.A. Lexington, town, Kentucky, U.S.A. Leyden, town, Holland. Leyden, John, Scottish poet. Leyden, Lucas van (Lucas of Leyden, q.v.), Dutch artist. Lhasa, town, Tibet. L'Hôpital, or L'Hospital, Michel de, chancellor of France.	Liau-Yang, town, China. Libanius, Greek sophist. Libau, town, Russia. Libel, in law. Liber and Libera, Roman deities. Liberia, republic, West Africa. Liberius, pope. Libourne, town, France. Libraries, collections of books. Liburnians, ancient people, on Adriatic coasts. Libya, ancient territory, North Africa. Licata, or Alicata (q.v.), seaport, Sicily. Lichens, group of plants. Lichfield, town, England. Lichtenberg, principality, Germany. Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph, German physicist and satirist. Licinius, Roman emperor. Lieber, Francis, American publicist. Liebig, Justus, German chemist. Liechtenstein, principality, Germany. Liége, town, Belgium. Liegnitz, town, Prussia. Lien, in law. Lierre, or Lier, town, Belgium. Life Assurance (See Insurance). Lifeboat. Lifts, elevating apparatus. Light. Lightfoot, John, English rabbinical scholar. Lighthouse. Lighting, Electric. Lightning (See Meteorology and Thunderstorms). Lightning Conductor. Lignite, mineral (See Coal). Lignum Vitæ, tree (See Guaiacum). Liguori, Alfonso Maria de’, Roman theologian. Liguria, ancient district, Italy. Lilac, tree. Lilburne, John, English sectary and pamphleteer. Lille, town, France. Lillebonne, town, France. Lilly, William, English astrologer. Lily, plant. Lilye, William, English grammarian. Lima, town, Peru. Lima, town, Ohio, U.S.A. Limborch, Philip van, Dutch theologian. Limburg, province, Belgium. Limburg, province, Holland. Limburg, town, Prussia. Limbus Infantum, Limbus Patrum. Lime, mineral. Lime, tree. Limerick, county & town, Ireland. Limitation, Statutes of. Limoges, town, France. Linacre, Thomas, English humanist and physician. Linares, town, Spain. Lincoln, county & town, England. Lincoln, town, Illinois, U.S.A. Lincoln, town, Nebraska, U.S.A. Lincoln, Abraham, president of the United States. Lindau, town, Bavaria. Lindley, John, English botanist. Lindsey, Theophilus, English theologian. Linen Manufactures. Ling, fish. Ling, plant (See Heath). Lingard, John, English historian. Linköping, town, Sweden. Linlithgow, county & town, Scotland. Linnæus, Carolus, Swedish naturalist. Linnell, John, English painter. Linnett, bird. Linoleum, floor-cloth. Linseed. Linus, of Greek legend. Linus, saint and martyr. Linz, town, Austria. Lion, carnivorous mammal. Lipari Islands, Mediterranean Sea. Lipetsk, town, Russia. Lippe, principality & territory, Germany. Lippi, Italian painters. Lipsius, Justus, or Joest Lips, Dutch humanist. Liqueurs. Liquidambar, tree and gum from it. Liquorice, or Black Sugar. Liquor Laws. Lisbon, town, Portugal. Lisburn, town, Ireland. Lisieux, town, France. Liskeard, town, England. Lisle, Joseph Nicolas de, French astronomer. Lismore, island, Scotland Lismore, town, Ireland. Lissa, town, Prussia. Lissa, island, Adriatic Sea. Liston, John, English comedian. Liston, Robert, Scottish surgeon. Litany, church service. Lithgow, William, Scottish traveller. Lithium, chemical element. Lithography. Lithuanians, European people. Litmus, colouring matter. Little Falls, town, New York, U.S.A. Little Rock, town, Arkansas, U.S.A. Littleton, Thomas de, English jurist. Littré, Paul Maximilien Émile, French lexicographer. Liturgy, church service. Liutprand, king of the Lombards. Liverpool, town, England. Liverpool, Second Earl of, English politician. Liverworts, group of plants. Livingston, Edward, American jurist. Livingston, Robert R., American statesman. Livingstone, David, missionary and explorer in Africa. Livius Andronicus, Roman poet and dramatist. Livny, town, Russia. Livonia, province, Russia. Livy, Roman historian. Lizard, Lizards, order of reptiles. Llama, ungulate mammal. Llandaff, town, Wales. Llandudno, town, Wales. Llanelly, town, Wales. Llangollen, town, Wales. Llorente, Juan Antonio, Spanish historian. Lloyd’s, marine association. Loach, fish. Loanda, São Paulo de, town, West Africa. Loango, district, West Coast, Africa. Lobelia, genus of plants. Lobster, crustacean (See Crustacea and Fisheries). Lock, fastening. Locke, John, English philosopher. Lockhart, John Gibson, Scottish man of letters. Lockport, town, New York, U.S.A. Locle, Le, town, Switzerland. Locri, ancient Greek people. Locus, geometrical term. Locust, insect. Locust-Tree. Lodève, town, France. Lodge, Thomas, English dramatist and poet. Lodi, town, Italy. Lodz, town, Russian Poland. Lofoten, or Lofoden, islands, Norway. Log, in navigation. Logan, John, Scottish poet. Logansport, town, Indiana, U.S.A. Logarithms. Logic. Logos, in philosophy and theology. Logroño, province and town, Spain. Logwood, dyewood. Lohardaga, or Lohardugga, district, India. Loire, river, France. Loire, department, France. Loire, Haute-, department, France. Loire-Inférieure, department, France. Loiret, department, France. Loir-et-Cher, department, France. Loja, town, Spain. Lokeren, town, Belgium. Lokman, of Arab tradition. Lollards, English religious sect. Lombard, Peter, mediæval theologian and philosopher. Lombards, people, Italy. Lombok, island, Indian Archipelago. Lomonosoff, Mikhail Vasilievich, Russian scientist and poet. Lomza, government & town, Russian Poland. London, metropolis of England. London, town, Ontario, Canada. Londonderry, county & town, Ireland. Londonderry, Second Marquis of (Lord Castlereagh), English politician. Long, George, English scholar. Long Branch, town, New Jersey, U.S.A. Longevity. Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, American poet. Longford, county & town, Ireland. Longinus, Greek and Roman critic. Long Island, New York, U.S.A. Long Island City, town, New York, U.S.A. Longitude, in astronomy (See Time) & geographical (q.v.). Longomontanus, Christian, Danish astronomer. Longueville, Duchesse de, Frondist. Longus, Greek romancer. Lons-le-Saulnier, town, France.