Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular/Introductory
Lesson III.
INTRODUCTORY.
Lesson I.
- 我
- Uá
- I.
- 阮
- Ún
- We (not including the person addressed.)
- 咱
- Nán
- We (including the person addressed.)
- 爾
- Lṳ́
- You (singular.)
- 恁
- Nín
- You (plural.)
- 伊
- I
- He, she, it, him, her.
- 有
- Ũ
- Have.
- 無
- Bô
- No, none.
- 是
- Sĩ
- Yes, is.
- 不是
- M̄-sĩ
- Not, no.
- 要
- Àiⁿ
- Want, wish.
- 勿
- Màiⁿ
- Don't want, don't.
- 來
- Lâi
- Come.
- 去
- Khṳ̀
- Go.
- 不
- M̃
- Will not.
- 我有
- Uá ũ
- I have.
- 爾無
- Lṳ́ bô
- You havn't.
- 阮勿
- Ún màiⁿ
- We don't want.
- 恁來
- Nín lâi
- You (plural) come.
- 伊不來
- I m̃-lâi
- He won't come.
- 伊要去
- I àiⁿ-khṳ̀
- He wants to go.
- 咱來去
- Nán lâi-khṳ̀
- Let us go.
- 我不去
- Uá m̃-khṳ̀
- I am not going.
- 不是爾
- M̄-sĩ lṳ́
- Not you.
- 是伊
- Sĩ i
- It is he.
Lesson II.
- 此處
- Chí-kò, chié
- Here.
- 彼處
- Hṳ́-kò, hié
- There.
- 何處
- Tî-kò
- Where?
- 何時 的時
- Tiang-sî, tî-sî
- When?
- 此個
- Chí-kâi, chiá
- This.
- 彼個
- Hṳ́-kâi, hiá
- That.
- 的一個 的個
- Tî-chék-kâi, tî-kâi
- Which?
- 的個 是乜
- Tî-kâi, sĩ-mih
- What?
- 何為
- Tsò-nîⁿ
- Why?
- 因為
- In-ûi
- Because, on account of.
- 是誰
- Tî-tiâng
- Who?
- 是誰個
- Tî-tiâng-kâi
- Whose?
- 此賤個
- Chí-chùaⁿ-kâi
- These.
- 彼賤個
- Hṳ́-chùaⁿ-kâi
- Those.
- 何為 若
- Tsò-nîⁿ, jiéh
- How?
- 如此
- Chièⁿ-seⁿ
- Like this, thus.
- 如彼
- Hièⁿ-seⁿ
- Like that.
- 了
- Lióu
- Then.
- 就
- Chiũ
- Thereupon.
- 還了
- Huân-lióu
- Still.
- 在
- Tõ
- At, in, on, in the act of.
- 照
- Chiè
- According to.
- 返轉
- Huán-tńg
- 顛倒
- Tin-tò
- On the contrary, on the other hand.
- 共
- Kāng, kah
- And.
- 是
- Sĩ
- But.
- 亦
- Iā
- Also.
- 從 在
- Tshông, tõ
- From.
- 到
- Kàu
- To.
- 豈
- Khah
- Too.
- 約量
- Iak-liãng
- 差不多
- Tsha-but-to
- About.
- 或者
- Pa-lak
- Perhaps.
- 那是
- Nāⁿ-sĩ
- If.
- 亞是
- A-sĩ
- Or.
- 亞無
- A-bô
- 罵
- Mē
- 拎
- Nē
- Or not? Interrogative Signs.
Lesson III.
Exercises.
- 我在此處
- Uá tõ chí-kò
- I am here,
- 爾在彼處
- Lṳ́ tõ hṳ́-kò
- You are there.
- 伊在何處
- I tõ tî-kò?
- Where is he?
- 恁何時去
- Nín tiang-sî khṳ̀?
- When did you go?
- 此個是的個
- Chí-kâi sĩ tî-kâi?
- What is this?
- 彼個我勿
- Hṳ́-kâi uá màiⁿ
- I don't want that one.
- 爾要的一個
- Lṳ́ àiⁿ tî-chék-kâi?
- Which do you want?
- 爾要的個
- Lṳ́ aìⁿ tî-kâi?
- What do you want?
- 伊如何無來
- I tsò-nîⁿ bô-lâi?
- Why did he not come?
- 是因為如何
- Sĩ in-ûi tsò-nîⁿ?
- For what reason?
- 爾是誰人
- Lṳ́ sĩ tî-tiâng?
- Who are you?
- 此是誰人個
- Chiá sĩ tî-tiâng-kâi?
- Whose is this?
- 此賤個不是
- Chí-chùaⁿ-kâi m̄-sĩ
- These are not them.
- 彼賤個是否
- Hṳ́-chùaⁿ-kâi sĩ--mē?
- Are those them?
- 爾有若干
- Lṳ́ ũ jiéh-tsōi?
- How much have you?
- 爾有若干個
- Lṳ́ ũ jiéh-tsōi kâi?
- How many have you?
- 是如此
- Sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ
- It is like this.
- 不是如此
- M̄-sĩ hièⁿ-seⁿ
- Not like that.
- 伊還了未去
- I huân-lióu būe-khṳ̀
- He hasn't gone yet.
- 此個共彼個
- Chí-kâi kah hṳ́-kâi
- This one and that one.
- 此不是
- Chía m̄-sĩ
- This is not it.
- 彼就是
- Hiá chiũ-sĩ
- That is it.
- 爾亦有
- Lṳ́ iā ũ
- You have got it too.
- 從何處到何處
- Tshông tî-kò kàu tî-kò?
- From where to where?
- 在此處到彼處
- Tõ chí-kò kàu hṳ́-kò
- From here to there.
- 或者無
- Pa-lak bô
- Perhaps not.
- 爾有或無
- Lṳ́ ũ a-bô?
- Have you or have you not? did you or did you not?
- 我無
- Uá bô
- I havn't; I did not.
- 爾有去否
- Lṳ́ ũ-khṳ̀ mē?
- Did you go?
- 無
- Bô
- No.
- 如何無也
- Tsò-nîⁿ bô--nē?
- Why not?
- 因為我不去
- In-ûi uá m̃-khṳ̀
- Because I don't want to go.
- 此個是我個
- Chí-kâi sĩ uá-kâi
- This is mine.
- 不是爾個
- M̄-sĩ lṳ́-kâi
- It isn't yours.
- 是伊個
- Si i-kâi
- It is his.
- 爾個不是如此
- Lṳ́-kâi m̄-sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ
- Yours is not like his.
- 伊個是如此
- I kâi sĩ chièⁿ-seⁿ
- His is like this.