Latin for beginners (1911)/Part II/Lesson IV

by Benjamin Leonard D'Ooge

Layout 2

LESSON IV

FIRST PRINCIPLES (Continued)

35. We learned from the table (§33) that the Latin nominative, genitive, and accusative correspond, in general, to the nominative, possessive, and objective in English, and that they are used in the same way. This will be made even clearer by the following sentence:

Fīlia agricolae nautam amat, the farmer’s daughter (or the daughter of the farmer) loves the sailor

What is the subject? the direct object? What case is used for the subject? for the direct object? What word denotes the possessor? In what case is it?

36. Rule. Nominative Subject. The subject of a finite verb is in the Nominative and answers the question Who? or What?

37. Rule. Accusative Object. The direct object of a transitive verb is in the Accusative and answers the question Whom? or What?

38. Rule. Genitive of the Possessor. The word denoting the owner or possessor of something is in the Genitive and answers the question Whose?

DIANA SAGITTAS PORTAT ET FERAS NECAT

39. EXERCISES

First learn the special vocabulary, p. 283.

I.

1. Diāna est dea.

2. Lātōna est dea.

3. Diāna et Lātōna sunt deae.

4. Diāna est dea lūnae.

5. Diāna est fīlia Lātōnae.

6. Lātōna Diānam amat.

7. Diāna est dea silvārum.

8. Diāna silvam amat.

9. Diāna sagittās portat.

10. Diāna ferās silvae necat.

11. Ferae terrārum pugnant.

For the order of words imitate the Latin above.

II.

1. The daughter of Latona does love the forests.

2. Latona's daughter carries arrows.

3. The farmers' daughters do labor.

4. The farmer's daughter loves the waters of the forest.

5. The sailor is announcing the girls' flight.

6. The girls announce the sailors' wrongs.

7. The farmer's daughter labors.

8. Diana's arrows are killing the wild beasts of the land.

40. CONVERSATION

Translate the questions and answer them in Latin. The answers may be found in the exercises preceding.

1. Quis est Diāna?

2. Cuius fīlia est Diāna?

3. Quis Diānam amat?

4. Quis silvam amat?

5. Quis sagittās portat?

6. Cuius fīliae labōrant?