Linton v. Stanton

by Roger B. Taney

United States Supreme Court

53 U.S. 423

Linton  v.  Stanton

THIS case was brought up from the Supreme Court of the state of Louisiana for the Eastern District, by a writ of error issued under the 25th section of the Judiciary Act.

The plaintiffs in error, on the 19th of June, 1848, filed their petition in the Third District Court of New Orleans, stating themselves to be residents of Mississippi, and the only heirs and representatives of John Linton, deceased, and as such in possession of his property.

That on the 13th May, 1839, the defendant, Stanton, owed the estate of John Linton, then deceased, the sum of $11,446.60, and on that date exected his two promissory notes in favor of Stephen Duncan, (one of the petitioners, and administrator to Linton,) one for $5,856.40, due the 1st April, 1841, the other for $5,590.20, payable the 1st April, 1842.

The petitioners further state, that on the 25th August, 1842, and also on the 25th December, 1843, the defendant promised to pay each of these notes, but has neglected and refused to do so, and that the debt still remains due and unpaid.

The two notes, they state, were made and fell due in the state of Mississippi, where the legal interest on all debts due and unpaid, is 8 per cent. That the defendant lives in Mississippi, but was then in New Orleans.

They pray judgment against him for the amounts of the notes, with interest from 13th May, 1839, till paid, and for general relief.

Stanton filed his exceptions, alleging that the petition did not fully set out and state the nature of the demand, requiring the plaintiffs to state whether the promises charged were verbal or written, and if written, claiming oyer.

Plaintiffs filed two letters from Stanton to Duncan, dated, respectively, the 25th day of August, 1842, and the 25th December, 1843, to which in their supplemental petition they refer as the written evidence of the promises alleged in their original petition, and also charge verbal promises by Stanton to pay, made both before and after the dates of these letters.

To this supplemental petition, Stanton filed his exception, alleging that the verbal promises above charged were insufficiently stated, from failure to mention to whom and when they were made.

The plaintiffs filed an amended petition, stating that these verbal promises were made to Stephen Duncan, the representative of John Linton, on each and every day of the years 1842, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, and 1847.

Stanton's answer denies all the allegations of the original and supplemental petitions; and specially pleads, that on the ___ day of _____, 1842, he applied to the United States District Court, in and for the state of Mississippi, where he then resided, for the benefit of the bankrupt law of the United States; and after due proceeding had, he obtained his discharge and certificate, and that these proceedings and discharge took place after the date of the note sued on.

Pleads his discharge in bar, and also that the plaintiffs demand is barred by prescription.

His supplemental answers allege that the notes on which plaintiffs sue, and which were made before his bankruptcy, were secured by a deed of trust or mortgage upon real estate, and that the plaintiffs, or Duncan, for their use, purchased it and paid for the same by said notes, thus receiving payment and compensation. And further, that by the law of Mississippi, verbal promises to pay a debt discharged by bankruptcy are not binding.

Amongst the testimony offered on both sides, the defendant produced the proceedings in bankruptcy.

The District Court of New Orleans decreed in favor of the defendant.

The plaintiffs appealed to the Supreme Court of Louisiana, which confirmed the decision below, because,--

1st. The jurisdiction of the United States District Court in matters of bankruptcy not having been contested, a decree of that court, declaring that all the requisitions of the bankrupt act had been complied with, was conclusive when drawn collaterally into question.

2d. Because the subsequent promises of the defendant, relied on by the plaintiffs, did not include this debt.

The plaintiffs then brought the case up to this court.

Mr. Johnson moved to dismiss the writ of error for want of jurisdiction.

1st. Because, over the existence and effect of any promises of defendant to pay the debt after his discharge under the bankrupt act, this court has no jurisdiction.

2d. Because the only statute of the United States involved and drawn into question was that of the 19th August, 1821 (5 Stat. at L., 440,) and that was relied upon only by defendant; and the decision of the court below was in favor of, not against, the only title, right, privilege, or exemption claimed under it. Judiciary Act, 24th Sept. 1789, c. 20, p. 25, (1 Stat. at L., 85); McKinney v. Carroll, 12 Pet., 67; Crowell, v. Randall, 10 Id., 368; Gill v. Oliver, 11 How., 529; Williams v. Oliver, at the present term of this court, MS.

Mr. Chief Justice TANEY delivered the opinion of the court.

Notes