On Papal Conclaves/Index

←

Appendix/Appendix B

On Papal Conclaves
by W. C. Cartwright

Index

→

4094801On Papal Conclaves — IndexW. C. Cartwright

INDEX.

Acessus, the,—the second of the two processes by which election by ballot is performed, 154.
Acquaviva, Cardinal, 140.
Acton, Cardinal, 188, 200.
Adorations received by newly elected Pope, 167, 168
Adrian II. (867–72), abduction of his daughter and his wife Stephania, 123.
Adrian V. (1276), elected when a layman, 164, and died so, 168; his abrogation of Gregory X's Bull constituting Conclaves, 80, 165.
Adrian VI. (1522–23), 135.
Agents, confidential, kept about a Conclave. 3.
Albani, Cardinal, 67, 124–26, 162.
Albani, Dean Cardinal of the Sacred College, 90, 91.
Albert, Cardinal Archduke, a layman admitted to Conclave, 125.
Alertz, Dr., physician to Gregory XVI., 64.
Alexander III. (1159–81), troubles of his reign, 14, 15; his decree as to Papal elections, 16, 24; his dispnsation to Niccola Giustiniani, 121.
Alexander VI. (1492–1503), grants authorization to the King of Poland to put away his wife, 208–210; brawl at his funeral, 63, 64.
Alexander VII. (1655–67), 70; his Bull as to the alienation of Church property, 174; the Constitutio Moderatoria Donationtum, 181–183.
Alexander, Duke of Lithuania, afterwards King of Poland, authorized by Alexander VI. to repudiate his wife,

208–210.

Altieri, Cardinal (under Pius VI.) his renunciation of the purple, 120, 141, 142.
Altieri, Cardinal Emilio (Clement X.), 127.
Altieri, Cardinal, tactics of, in the Conclave after Gregory XVI.'s death, 194, 195.
Andrea, Cardinal, case of, 146–149; see also Appendix B.
Angelo, Michael, 113.
Anti-Popes during the reign of Alexander III., 14, 15.
Antici, Cardinal, his renunciation of the purple, 142, 143.
Antonelli, Cardinal (under Pius VI.), 83.
Apponyi, Count, Austrian ambassador at Rome, 162.
Archives, Italian, materials in, for history of Conclaves, 1, 2; now open to inspection, 4.
Arrangements of Vatican Conclaves described, 105 seq.
Austria, Crown of, possesses the right of veto in Papal elections, 159.
Avignon, residence of the Holy See at, in 14th century, 80, 153.
Azeglio, Massimo d', his pamphlet, I casi delle Romagne, 188.

Baldassari's work on the times of Pius VI., 82 seq., 96.
Ballot, election of a Pope by, 154–157, 166.
Banchi. the betting propensities of its inhabitants during Papal elections, 51–56
Barbarossa; see Frederick I.
Barberini, the Cardinals, 136, 213.
Barberini, Father, ex-General of the Capuchins, 165.
Benedict XIII. (1724–29), 136, 140.
Benedict XIV. (1740–58), 165, 212.
Bernetti, Cardinal, 191.
Blanca (Dona), sister of Ferdinand the Catholic, and wife of Henry IV. of Castile, 122.
Bonaparte, Joseph. 86.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 144.
Bonaventura, St., 20.
Boniface VIII. (1294–1303), degradation of the Colonna Cardinals by, 132, 133, 214.
Booths for Cardinals in Conclave, 104, 109.
Borgia's (Cardinal) Life by his nephew, the Cavaliere Borgia, 153.
Boutenieff, M., Russian minister in Rome, 188.
Brienne, Cardinal Lomenie de, degradation of, 140.
Brosses, President de. 68, 106, 139.
Bulls, Briefs, and Chirographs—the difference between them, 36, 37,
Burckhardt, his account of the brawl at the obsequies of Alexander VI., 63, 64.

Calixtus III. (1455–58), 104.
Cameriere of the pope, 70.
Camerlengo, the Cardinal; his duties on the demise of a Pope, 31, 32, 36–38, 108, 115, 189.
Capellari, Cardinal (Gregory XVI.), 157.
Capitol, great bell of the, 33.
Capranica. Dominic, secretly nominated Cardinal by Martin V., 128.
Caraffa, Cardinal (Paul IV.), 73 seq.
Cardinals, College of, original character of, 11; membership of, 118, 189; vested with power to elect the Pope, 12 (see Papal Elections); their powers during interregnum, 38—40; proof of identity before the business of Conclave begins, 117; real nature of a Cardinal's dignity, 118, 119; lay Cardinals, 123–125; a Cardinal cum ore clauso, 125, 126; Cardinals in petto, 127, 189; secret nominations in former times, 128–30; their right of franchise absolutely sacred, 131 seq.; degradation of Cardinals, 132–149 (see also Appendix B.; renunciation of the Cardinalate, 141–145; description of the chapel where the Cardinals vote, 150, 151; choice of a Pope not necessarily limited to the body of, 164.
Casimir, a Cardinal, received a dispensation to marry his brother's widow, 121.
Casimir the Great, of Poland, receives a Brief from Urban V. confirming validity of his marriage with a second wife, the first being yet alive, 207, 208.
Castiglione, Cardinal, 157.
Celestine V. (1294), 165.
Celibacy indispensable in a Cardinal, whether in Orders or not, 119; remarkable instances of dispensation accorded, 120–122.
Cells of Cardinals during Conclave, 104.
Cellini, Benvenuto, insulted by Pompeo, whom he stabbed, 52.
Ceremonial preliminary to the creation of a Pope, 79, 113–116; precedents for its modification, 80–102.
Ceremonies consequent on election of Pope, 167 seq.
Cervini, Cardinal Sta. Croce; see Marcellus II.
Charles of Anjou, 17.
Charles V., 123.
Chatillon, Cardinal, 119.
Chigi family, the, and the marshalship of the Cone lave, 58, 60.
Chirographs, Papal, 36, 37.
Choice of a Pope not limited within the body of Cardinals, 164.
Church property, Bulls of Alexander VII. and of Pius V. against the alienation of, 174, 175; see Clement VIII. and Gregory XIV.
Clement IV. (1265–68), the Conclave after his death, 17.
Clement V. (1305–14), 153; his Bull on Papal elections, 133, 1341, 168.
Clement VI. (1342–52), his Bull modifying the regulations of Gregory X. regarding Papal elections, 105.
Clement VII. (1523–34), 111, 135, 152.
Clement VIII. (1592–1605), 163; his confirmation of Bulls against alienation of Church property, 177, 178.
Clement IX. (1667–70), 127, 192.
Clement X. (1670–76), 127.
Clement XI. (1700–21), 60; threatens to degrade Cardinal Noailies, 226, 227.
Clement XII. (1730–40), 41, 119; his Bull abolishing the governorship of the Leonine city, 57; his treatment of Cardinal Coscia, 136–40, 148, 214.
Clement XIII. (1758–69), reforming Bull of, 61.
Clement XIV. (1769–75), 111.
Clergy. the, their part in papal elections, 12.
Clermont, Cardinal, 160.
Colonna, family of, 50.
Colonna, Cardinals James and Peter, degraded by Boniface VIII., 132, 133, 214.
Colonna, Cardinal (in 16th century), 152.
Colonna, Vittoria, 113.
Compromise, electoral process called, 20, 152–54.
Conclave, doings in, kept secret, 2, 3; Bull of Gregory X. constituting Conclaves, 20–24; lawless state of Rome during Conclave-time, 42–48; office of Marshal of, 58 seq.; nine days of preparation before entering, 61 seq.; congregations preliminary to, 66; question as to how far preliminary ceremonials can be dispensed with, 79; various precedents in point, 81; especially the provisions made by Pius VI., 82–101, and by Gregory XVI., 102; present site of Conclave in the Quirinal, 103; description of former locality in the Vatican, 104; arrangements of Vatican Conclaves, 105 seq.; last moments previous to proclamation of Conclave, 113–116; ceremony of proving identity before proceeding to business, 117; Cardinals secretly nominated, but unpromulgated, not allowed to vote. 128, 129 (see Cardinals); declaration of close of Conclave, 167; narrative of the proceedings at election of Pius IX., 185–200; importance of next Conclave, 5, 7, 82.
Conclavists, their position and influence, 67–70.
Congregations preliminary to Conclave, 66.
Consalvi, Cardinal Secretary of State under Pius VII., 119, 120, 143, 163.
Constance, Council of, 24–29.
Constantine, an anti-Pope in 8th century, 164.
Constantini, Giulio (Cardinal Secretary), his account of Rome during interregnum after death of Paul III., 48–50.
Constitutio Moderatoria Donationum, the,—a Bull of Alexander VII. against immoderate grants by Popes to kinsmen, 181–183.
Cornia, Ascanio della, nephew of Paul IV., 77.
Coronation service of newly elected Pope, 169, 170.
Corsini Library, 137.
Coscia, Cardinal, 131, 136; degradation of, 137–140, 148, 214.
Cosmo II. (Medicis) Duke of Tuscany, 121.
Council of Alexander III., 16.
Council of Constance, 24–29.
Council at Lyons, 39.
Court of Rome, its rupture with Italy, 7; its dispersion during the reign of Pius VI., 88, 89; the Cardinals, dignitaries in, 118, 119.
Creation of a Pope, question as to when actually consummated, 168.
Crispo, Cardinal, 74.
Croce, Bernardino della, a named but unpromulgated Cardinal, 129.
Cueva, Cardinal, 71.
Cueva, Don Beltran de la, 122.
Cum Juxta, the Bull, and its application to the case of Cardinal Andrea, 212–215.
Curia, Roman. division in the, 17.
Curiosities of Papal history, 123.

Dandini, Cardinal, 118.
De Angelis, Cardinal, Bishop of Fermo, 191.
Degradation of Cardinals, 132–149; cases of Cardinal Andrea, 212–221. and of Cardinal Noailles, 225–228.
Dignity of a Cardinal, real nature of, 117–119.
Dispensations relieving Cardinals from their ecclesiastical obligations, remarkable instances of, 120–122.
Domenichino, 113.
Duphot, a French General. killed in a tumult at Rome, 86.

Election of Popes, 9 seq.; see Papal Elections.
Emperor's part in Papal elections curtailed by the Bull of Nicolas II., 14.
Enthronement of a newly elected Pope, 109, 170.
Eugenius IV. (1431–47), 126.
Executive authority during interregnum, 34–38.

Falconieri, Cardinal, Archbishop of Ravenna, 191.
Fare, Cardinal De la, 160.
Farnese, Cardinal, 53.
Ferrara. Cardinal, 73.
Ferretti (Mastai): see Pius IX.
Ferro, Cardinal Capo di, 71.
France, Crown of, possesses the right of veto in Papal elections, 159.
Franchise, Cardinals' right of, indelible. 131 seq.; this principle set aside by Pius IX. in the case of Cardinal Andrea, 146–149; see also Appendix B.
Frangipani. Odo, 15.
Franzoni, Cardinal, 193; his conscientious acts in Conclave, 199.
Frederick I. (Barbarossa), Emperor of Germany, opposed by Pope Alexander III., 14.
French Revolution, effect of, on the Papacy. 82–101.

Gaetani archives, 54, 136.
Gallienus, Arch of, 33.
Gambling, and its results, during Papal elections, 51–57.
Gatti, Rainer, town-captain of Viterbo, 18.
Gaysruck, Cardinal, Archbishop of Milan, 163, 200.
Genga, Cardinal Della; see Leo XII.
Gfrörrer. a recent historian, a mistake of, 14.
Giustiniani, Cardinal, 160; his election to the Papal chair vetoed by Spain, 161;
Giustiniani, Niccola, a Benedictine monk, who received a dispensation to marry, 121, 122.
Gizzi, Cardinal, Secretary of State to Pius IX., 191, 200.
Gonzaga, Cardinals Ferdinand and Vicenzo, permitted to go back into the world, 121.
Gonzaga, Mary, widow of Ladislas, king of Poland, married his brother. 121.
Grassis, Paris de, and his invention of turning-wheels for the admission of articles for the use of the Conclave, 108.
Gregorio, Emmanuel Di, 98.
Gregorio, Cardinal, 157.
Gregory VII. (Hildebrand, 1073–85), 11, 152.
Gregory X. (Theobald Visconti, 1271–76), election of, 20; his Bull constituting Conclaves, 21–24, 58, 105, 115, abrogated by Adrian V., 80, 100.
Gregory XI. (1370–78), 80; his Bull on Papal elections, 80–82.
Gregory XII. (1406–9), 26.
Gregory XIV. (1590–91), his modification of Pius V.'s Bull as to alienation of church property, 176; see Clement VIII.
Gregory XV. (1621–23), 42; his Bull as to Papal elections, 28, 112, 124, 127, 134, 138, 151, 154.
Gregory XVI. (1831–46), election of, 157; his deathbed, 64, 65; document left by him bearing on Papal elections, 101, 102, 190; circumstances under which his death occurred, 187, 188; state of parties in the Sacred College at that time, 190.
Guadagni, Cardinal, 166.
Guattani, Dr., 68.

Henry, son of Richard Plantagenet, and nephew of Henry the Third of England, slain at Viterbo, 18.
Henry, Cardinal, of Ostia. 19.
Henry IV. of Castile, received a dispensation to marry a second wife, 122, 211; his daughter Dona Juana, 122, 123.
Hildebrand; see Gregory VII.
Hinemar, Archbishop, 123.
Hohenstaufen, the last of the house of (Konradin of Swabia), executed in Naples, 17.
Honorius IV. (1285–87), 104.
Hormisdas (514–23), and his son Silverius, 123.

Innocent VI. (1352–62), 58.
Innocent VIII. (1484–92), 129.
Innocent X. (1644–55), 59; his Bull Cum Juxta, 212–215.
Inspiration, election of a Pope by, 151, 152.
Installation of newly elected Pope, and attendant ceremonies, 167 seq.
Interregnum in the Papacy, 6, 8; that after the death of Clement IV. the longest on record, 17; complete suspension of the executive during, 34, 35; lawless state of Rome during, 42, 50; riot in 1590, 55.
Intrigue of the Conclavist Torres at Pius IV.'s election, 70, 71.
Isabella the Catholic, sister of Henry IV. of Castile, 122.
Isabella, Infanta, of Portugal, wife of the Emperor Charles V., 123.

Jails thrown open (for light offenders) during interregnum, 34, 35.
Jews, a custom of, in Rome, at the Pope's installation, 171.
John XIX. (1024–33), 164.
John XXIII. (1410–15), 26.
Juana, Infanta, of Portugal, and her daughter, Dona Juana, 122, 123.
Julius II. (1503–12), 109, 208; his Brief granting to Alexander, King of Poland, indulgence to put up with his wife until her father's death, 210.
Julius III. (1550–55), election of, 152.

Labrador, Gomez, Spanish ambassador at Rome, 160.
Ladislas, king of Poland, 120.
Lambruschini, Cardinal Secretary under Gregory XVI., 65, 186; character of, 190, 193; his attempt at a coup de main in Conclave, 196 seq.
Lateran Basilica, taken possession of by newly elected Pope, 170, 171.
Lateran Palace, the, 15, 16.
Law-courts suspended during interregnum, 35.
Lay Cardinals, 123–125.
League, war of the, 176.
Leo X. (1513–21), conspiracy against, 134–6.
Leo XII. (1823–29), election of, 160, 163.
Lombardy, leagued cities of, protected by Barbarossa, 14.
Lottery in Conclave times, 56, 57.
Louis XIV. of France, 226.
Louis XVIII. of France, 143.
Louis, King of Hungary, 207.
Luis, Don, of Bourbon, named Archbishop of Toledo and Cardinal, 119.
Lyons, general council at, called by Gregory X., 20.

Madruzzi, Cardinal, 74.
Malvezzi, Cardinal, 67.
Marcellus II. (Cervini, 1555), 52, 152; narrative of his election, 72–78.
Marco-y-Catalan, Cardinal, 160.
Marotti, 93.
Marshal of the Conclave, office of, 58 seq., 108, 115.
Martin V. (1417–31), election of, 26, 27; his secret nomination of Cardinals, 128.
Mastai-Ferretti, Cardinal; see Pius IX.
Mattei, Cardinal, 118.
Maurice, Cardinal, of Savoy, 120.
Maury, Cardinal, case of, 143–145.
Medicis, Cardinal di, (Clement VII.), 153.
Medicis, Catherine, married a Cardinal, 121.
Medicis, Cosmo di, Duke of Tuscany, 121.
Medicis, Ferdinand, once a Cardinal, and became Grand Duke of Tuscany, 120.
Micara. Cardinal, a Capuchin, 194.
Micheli, a Doge of Venice, 121.
Modes, the three, of election of a Pope, 151, 152.
Monaco, Prince of, French ambassador at Rome (1700), 45, 46.
Monsignori, the lay, 118.
Montepulciano, Cardinal, 77.
Montmorency-Laval, Cardinal, 228.

Naples, kingdom of, a portion of the Sacred College take refuge there in 1798, 88 seq.
Napoleon Bonaparte, 144.
Nepotism of the Popes, 180–183.
Nicholas, the Czar, his memorable visit to Rome, 188.
Nicolas II. (1058–60), his elevation to the Papal See, 11; his Bull vesting Papal elections in the College of Cardinals, 11–13, 24.
Nicolas IV. (1288–92), 17.
Nine days' interval before electing a Pope, 61 seq., 87.
Ninfa, Alexander III. consecrated in its parish church, 15.
Noailles, Cardinal, Archbishop of Paris, heads opposition in France to the Bull Unigenitus, 225–228.
Nobles of Rome, pretensions put forth by, during Conclave, 44.

Oaths sworn to by Popes, nature of, 173.
Obsequies of the Pope, 61, 62.
Octavius, Cardinal, his opposition to Alexander III., 15.
Otlescalchi, Cardinal, 160; renounces the purple, 145.

Pacca, Cardinal Secretary pf State under Pius VII., 145.
Pacca, Dean Cardinal, 160.
Pallium, the, newly elected Pope clothed with, 169.
Paolina, the,—where the Cardinals vote,—described, 150, 151.
Papacy, the, as an institution regulated by laws, exists only in the season of its creation, 5; schism in the reign of Alexander III., 14–16; the Papacy during the French Revolution, 82 seq.
Papal chair, Roman proverb as to the three safest means of reaching, 163, 164.
Papal elections, subject of, little understood, and why, 1; points of interest bearing on, 5; mode of, at present in force, 9; not independent of the civil power till middle of eleventh century, 10; vested in the College of Cardinals

by decree of Nicolas II., 11, 12; decree of Alexander III. as to, 16; Constitution promulgated by a General Council at Lyons under Gregory X., 21; exceptional measure adopted by the Council of Constance, 27, 28; Bulls of Clement V., 133, of Gregory XI., 80–82, of Gregory XV., 28, 124, 134 (see Preliminary Ceremonial), of Pius VI., 87 seq., and of Paul IV., 95, 95; right of Cardinals to vote at, absolutely sacred, 131 seq. (see Andrea, Cardinal); the three modes by which alone a Pope can be created, 151, 153; tricks practised at, 157, 158; the veto vested in certain Crowns, 159; proclamation of newly elected Pope by the Cardinal Dean, 167; ceremonies consequent on election, 168–171.

Passionists, the, at Monte Argentaro, 92.
Paterini, the, 33.
Paul III. (1534–50), 152; state of Rome after his death, 48–50; his nephew, 77.
Paul IV. (Caraffa, 1555–59), 73, 152; his Bull on Papal elections, 94, 95.
Paul V. (1605–21), 122.
People, the, their part in Papal elections, 12.
Peretti, Alessandro Damasceni, nephew of Sixtus V., 119.
Perquisites of Conclavists, 69, 70.
Petrucci, Cardinal, strangled, 135.
Pietro, Michele Di, 97.
Pisani, Cardinal, 78.
Pius IV. (1559–65), election of, 71, 152; his Bull regulating the powers of Cardinals during interregnum, 40; his Bull (1562) forbidding wagers, 49 seq., 112; as to lay Cardinals, etc., 124, 127; as to Papal elections, 134, 138.
Pius V. (1566–72), election of, 152; Bull of, as to alienation of Church property, 175: see Gregory XIV. and Clement VIII.
Pius VI. (1775–99), provisions made by him as to the election of a successor, 82–101; his treatment of refractory Cardinals, 119, 141–144.
Pius VII. (1800–23), 103, 143, 144, 154, 161, 228.
Pius VIII. (1829–31), election of, 157, 201.
Pius IX. (1846– ), unusual importance of the Conclave to follow on his death, 7, 82; his treatment of Rosmini, 130, and of Cardinal Andrea, 146–149; the intended application of the veto by Austria at his election, 162; the Conclave in which he was elected, 185; his election, 198: Austria's veto against it arrived too late, 200. See Appendix B.
Police of Rome, and its officers, 45.
Pope, the; election of–see Papal Elections; what happens immediately upon his decease, 30 seq.; obsequies of, 61, 62.
Portugal, Crown of, claims a right of veto in Papal elections, which is contested by Rome, 159.
Preliminary ceremonial attending Papal elections, 66; question how far this may be dispensed with, 79; various precedents in point, 80: provisions made by Pius VI., 82–101, and by Gregory XVI., 102.
Proclamation of Conclave, 115.
Proclamation of a new Pope by the Cardinal Dean, 167.

Quirinal Palace, present site of Conclave in the, 103; description of arrangements at, 109 seq.: the Chapel (the Paolina) where the Cardinals vote, described, 150, 151.

Rainaldo, Cardinal, of Este, 120.
Ranke, Professor, 1.
Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cornwall, 18.
Ring, piscatorial, of the Pope, 36.
Rohan, Cardinal, suspension of, 140.
Rome, lawless state of, during Conclave, 42–50; riot in 1590, 55.
Rosmini, nominated. Cardinal by Pius IX., but nomination defeated by the Jesuits, 130.
Rospigliosi, Cardinal; see Clement IX.
Rossi, M., an Italian professor, nominated French ambassador to Rome, 188.

Sacred College, the, its membership, 118, 119; no lay Cardinals at present, 125.
Sala, Cardinal, 98.
Salic race, Princes of the, 10.
San Stefano, 92.
Sanseverino, Frederick. an unpromulgated Cardinal, 129.
Saoli, Cardinal, degradation of, 135.
Savelli family, the, 58, 104.
Schism in the Papacy in the reign of Alexander III., 14–16.
Scilla, Canlinal Ruffo, 67.
Scope of present publication, 6, 7.
Scrutators of the voting in Conclave, 155–157.
Secrecy incumbent on Conclavists, 67; imperfect observance of the rule, 111, 112.
Sermoneta, Duke of, 42, 54, 136.
Severoli's (Cardinal) election to the Papal chair vetoed by Austria, 162, 163.
Sforza, Cardinal, 129.
Sham candidates at Papal elections, 158.
Silverius (536–535), a Pope, the son of a Pope, 123
Sixtus V. (1585–90), 119, 125, 189
Soderini, Cardinal (of Volterra), ease of, 135.
Soglia, Cardinal, 191.
Spain, Crown of, has a right of veto in Papal elections, 159.
St. George, Chevalier de, 68.
St Louis, cross of, 123
Sta. Croce, Cardinal (Cervini. afterwards Marcellus II.), 72–78.
States of the Church, invasion of, by the French (1797), 83.
Stefaneschi, Cardinal G. G. 154.
Stendhal quoted or referred to, 57, 61.
Stephen III. (768–772), his decree against the election to the Papacy, of anyone not an ordained Cardinal, 164.
Stock Exchange, improvised during interregnum, 51.
Symamachus (498–513), his canon on papal elections, 94.

Tencin, Cardinal, 68, 106.
Theiner, Father. keeper of the Vatican Records—his 'Clement XIV.' 111, 112; his Vetera Monumenta Poloniæ, 207 seq.
Tolentino, treaty of, 83.
Torres, a Conclavist, his intrigue at the election of Pius IV., 70, 71.
Tricks practised at Papal elections, 157, 158.
Turning-wheels for the admission of articles necessary for the use of Conclave, 108, 110.

Unigenitus, the Bull, opposition to it in France, 225–228.
Urban V. (1362–70) grants a Brief to Casimir the Great, of Poland, confirming validity of his marriage with a second wife, the first being yet alive, 207, 208.
Urban VI. (1378–89), the last, under the rank of Cardinal, who was elected Pope, 104, 164.
Urban VIII. (1623–44), riots at his election, 46, 47, 157; his Bull on Papal elections, 112.
Urbino, Duke of, 54

Vaini, Prince,—dispute with the Sbirri during an interregnum, 45, 46.
Vatican, the, the former locality of Conclave, described 104 seq.
Venice, Conclave at, after the death of Pius VI., 153.
Veto on Papal elections vested in certain Crowns, 158, 159; its intended application at the election of Pius IX., 162.
Visconti, Theobald, Archdeacon of Liege; see Gregory X.
Viterbo, protracted election at, 17–20. 153; communal bell of, 33; conflict between Rome and the Viterbese, 33.

Wagers, Bull Prohibiting, in times of Papal election, 49 seq.

EDINBURGH: T. CONSTABLE,
PRINTER TO THE QUEEN, AND TO THE UNIVERSITY.