M. TYPHOON CHARLOTTE (09-19 OCTOBER 1959)
As early as 4 October, surface map analyses indicated a diffuse area of low pressure extending along the Intertropical Convergence Zone from the general vicinity of the Palau Islands eastward. By 8 October, this low pressure area had deepened and contracted to the extent that surface map analyses indicated the possibility of a cyclone just to the southeast of the islands of Yap and Koror. Accordingly, a reconnaissance aircraft investigated the area late on the 8th and verified the existence of a closed circulation. This circulation was still quite weak but warranted further reconnaissance surveillance. Throughout the 9th, reconnaissance aircraft continued to track this cyclone. Finally on the 10th, as a result of an early morning penetration, Tropical Storm CHARLOTTE was named and the first warning was issued at 100600Z.
Throughout the 9th and 10th, CHARLOTTE moved northwestward at speeds varying from 6 to 9 knots. Steady intensification took place so that at 101800Z she was upgraded to a typhoon. On the 11th and 12th, CHARLOTTE intensified further and continued to move to the northwest at an average speed of 9 knots. On the 13th, as CHARLOTTE approached the western extremity of the semi-permanent Pacific High, recurvature and deceleration commenced. Also on the 13th, at 0800Z, CHARLOTTE appears to have reached her peak intensity. At this time a reconnaissance aircraft penetration reported a sea level pressure of 905 millibars and maximum surface winds of 145 knots. On the 14th CHARLOTTE reached the apex of her recurvature. She slowed to a speed
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