the ground at that end, and the striker and his substitute at the other end.
40. A batsman is liable to be out for any infringement of the laws by his substitute.
41. The fieldsman may stop the ball with any part of his person, but if he willfully stop it otherwise the ball shall be "dead," and five runs added to the score. Whatever runs may have been made five only shall be added.
42. The wicket-keeper shall stand behind the wicket. If he shall take the ball for the purpose of stumping before it has passed the wicket, or if he shall incommode the striker by any noise, or motion, or if any part of his person be over or before the wicket, the striker shall not be out, excepting under Laws 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30.
43. The umpires are the sole judges of fair or unfair play, of the fitness of the ground, the weather, and the light for play; all disputes shall be determined by them, and if they disagree the actual state of things shall continue.
44. They shall pitch ther wickets, arrange boundaries where necessary, and the allowances to be made for them, and change ends after each side has had one innings.
45. They shall allow two minutes for each striker to come in and ten minutes between each innings. When they shall call "Play," the side refusing to play shall lose the match.
46. They shall not order a batsman out unless appealed to by the other side.
