the previous year. War followed, in which at first A-la-t'ai was successful, owing to the rashness of the Chinese; but in the following year he was beaten and fled. In 1413, for promising help against the Oirads, he received the title of Prince 和寧 Ho-ning and sent a mission to China. Beaten by the Oirads, he presently sought refuge on the Chinese frontier; but so soon as his strength increased, he renewed his raids. The Emperor marched against him in 1422, 1423, and 1424, but A-lu-t'ai never risked a pitched battle. Ten years later he was surprised and slain by his old foes the Oirads, and his son submitted to China.
4Achakpa 阿速吉八. A.D. 1320–1328. Son of Yesun Timur, whom he succeeded as seventh Emperor of the Yüan dynasty. He was proclaimed Emperor at Xanadu; whereupon 燕帖木兒 Yen Timur, his father's Minister, declared at Peking for the sons of Kaisun. Civil war ensued, and ended in the capture of Xanadu and the disappearance of Achakpa. Known in history as 幼主.
5Ai-hsing-a 慶星阿. Died A.D. 1664. Grandson of Prince 揚古利 Yang-ku-li, head of the Kurka tribe, who won fame and title by his courage and energy in the wars of the Emperors T'ai Tsu and T'ai Tsung of the present dynasty. Coadjutor of Wu San-kuei in the invasion of Burmah, 1661—2, which resulted in the surrender of the Ming pretenders from Yünnan. Canonised as 敬康.
Ai Ti. See (Han) Liu Hsin; (Chin) Ssu-ma P'ei; (T'ang) Li Chu.
Ai Tsung. See Wan-yen Shou-hsü.
6Akuta 阿骨打. A.D. 1069–1123. Son of 楊割 Yang-ko, a chieftain of the China Tartars under the Liao dynasty. The father was already preparing for revolt when he died, A.D. 1100. In 1114 Akuta threw off his allegiance, and his immediate success emboldened him to demand from the House of Liao recognition as first Emperor of the China dynasty. He also entered into
