thus earning for himself the title of 草聖, the Divine Grassist. Under the excitement of art (and wine), he became oblivious of the decorum due to his surroundings, and would often fling off his cap in the presence of princes and nobles. Hence he came to be known as 張顛 Chang the Madman.
60Chang Hsü-ching 張虚靖. A Taoist pope or 天師 Divine Teacher of old, who obtained the elixir of life and found that dragons and tigers at once yielded to his sway. He was a descendant of Chang Tao-ling.
61Chang Hsüan-ching 張玄靚, (T. 元安). Died A.D. 363. Son of Chang Ch'ung-hua. He slew his usurping uncle Chang Tsu and his sons, and was confirmed in 361 as Duke. He was poisoned by his uncle Chang T'ien-hsi, the last of a series of favourites, to each of whom he had given unlimited power.
62Chang Hsüan-tsu 張玄祖. A wit of the Han dynasty. When only eight years old, one 王先達 Wang Hsien-ta laughed at him for having lost several teeth, and said, "What are those dog-holes in your mouth for?" "They are there," replied Chang, "to let puppies like you run in and out."
63Chang Hsün 張巡. A.D. 709 - 757. A native of Nan-yang in Honan, who as a youth was very fond of military studies. He graduated as chin shih about 735, and entered upon a public career. Employed in military operations against the Turkic tribes he departed from all time-honoured tactics, complaining that it was impossible to fight these barbarians according to fixed rules; they would persist in attacking him when unprepared! His discipline, however, was so perfect that one of his officers, named 萬春 Wan Ch'un, is said to have received six arrows in his face without budging from the post which had been assigned to him. In 756 the rebellion of An Lu-shan brought him to the front. He fought many battles and performed prodigies of valour, not without receiv-
