101. f is a labiodental open sound like English f; Ex.: faa get, puffe to push.
Note 1. In the word af of f is a sign for the sound of v, see § 102, Note 1.
Note 2. In inflective forms of words, the stems of which end in “v” the sound of f is sometimes written “v”: havt (partcp.) pron. haft had (colloquially pron. hat); see § 102 Note 2.
102. v is a labiodental open voiced sound, not quite so sharply articulated as English v. Occurs both in the beginning, middle and at the end of words; Ex.: vi we, love to promise, Skov forest.
Note 1. In the word af of this sound has the orthographic sign f.
Note 2. v is the orthographic sign of the sound f 1) before s and t in inflective forms of words, the stems of which end in v, when the vowel preceding v is short; if the preceding vowel is long, then v retains its sound; in some words both pronunciations (long vowel & v and short vowel & f) are admissible; Ex.: sætte tillivs (f) to dispatch (food); Livsens (f) of life, grovt (v or f) rough (neuter form), paaskrævs (v or f) astride, tilhavs (v or f) at sea. Also revse (f) to castigate. Colloquially the imperfect lovede promised is pronounced lofte. 2) In the words: Viol (flower) violet, Violin, Violoncel.
Note 3. v is written but not pronounced after l in hal(v) half, sel(v) self, Söl(v) silver, tol(v) twelve, tol(v)te twelfth, Tyl(v)t dozen; furthermore in Pro(v)st dean, Tvi(v)l doubt (now regularly written Tvil), ha(v)t had, bra(v) or brav, plural pronounced brave or bra.
For bli(ve)r gi(ve)r see § 140 c.
103. t is a voiceless dental stop, slightly aspirated, especially in the beginning of words, but much less so than in Danish. The aspiration is omitted after s, t in this position thus representing a sound between t and d; Ex.: Tal number, Hat hat, Potet potato, stor big.
th does not represent any other sound than t; it is used in some words of Greek origin and as a rule in the conjunction thi for, to distinguish it from the numeral ti ten, both words being pronounced alike. Sometimes also in Thing Session of court, Storthing name of Norwegian
