and 'A Collection of the Vocal Music in Shakspere's Plays.' He was also author of some eccentrically written but useful books, including 'The Cook's Oracle,' 'The Traveller's Oracle,' 'The Art of Invigorating and Prolonging Life,' 'The Housekeeper's Ledger,' and 'The Economy of the Eyes.' Though an epicure, he was regular and even abstemious in his habits; but while practising the precepts he gave to others, he was unable to prolong his own life beyond the age of 50, and died suddenly Feb. 26, 1827.
[ W. H. H. ]
KITTEL, Johann Christian, born at Erfurt, Feb. 18, 1732, one of the last pupils of J. S. Bach, who himself died July 28, 1750. His first post was that of organist at Langelsalza, which he left in 1756 for that of the Predigerkirche at his native place. His pay was wretched, and had to be eked out by incessant and laborious giving of lessons. Even when nearly 70 he was forced to make a tour to Göttingen, Hanover, Hamburg, and Altona. In the latter place he staid for some time, to the delight of the musicians there, and published a book of tunes for the Schleswig-Holstein Church (Neues Choralbuch, Altona 1803). Thence he crept home to Erfurt, where he died, May 9 [App. p.691 "May 18"], 1809, in great poverty, but saved from actual starvation by a small pension allowed him by Prince Primas of Dalberg. The fame of his playing was very great, but is hardly maintained by his works, which are not very important. The best are grand preludes for the organ in 2 books (Peters); six sonatas and a fantasia for the clavecin (Breitkopfs); and an organ school (Der angehende praktische Organist, in 3 books, 1801–8 (Erfurt, Beyer; 3rd edition 1831). His papers were inherited by his great pupil, C. H. Rinck, one of many famous organists who perfected themselves under him. Fétis tells us—and we may accept the story as true, since he was intimate with Rinck—that Kittel had inherited a full-sized portrait of Bach, and that when satisfied with his pupils he drew the curtain, and allowed them a sight of the picture, as the best reward he could afford them. It is a story quite in accordance with the devotion which Bach is known to have inspired in those who had to do with him.
[ G. ]
KLAVIER-MUSIK, ALTE. The name of two collections of P.F. music. I. Edited by E Pauer, and published by Senff, Leipzig:—
1st Series.
Lully, Sonata In E minor.
Porpora, 2 Fugues.
2. Galuppi, Sonata in D.
Padre Martini. Gavotte and Ballet.
Paradies, Sonata in A.
3. Kerl. Toccata in C.
Frohberger, Toccata in A minor.
Kuhnau, Suite in E minor.
4. Mattheson, Suite in A.
Muffat, Courante and 2 Minuets.
Hasse, Sonata in D.
5. J. L. Krebs, Fugue in F.
Marpurg, Preludium and Capriccio.
Kirnberger, Gigue, Gavotte, Courante, and Allegro for a musical clock.
Chambonniéres, Allemande, Courante, Sarabande, and La Loureuse.
Couperin, La Favorite, La tendre Nanette, La Tenebreuse.
2nd Series.
D. Scarlatti, 3 Studies.
Durante, Study in A.
2. Murschhauser, Aria pastoralis variata.
W. Fr. Bach, Capriccio in D minor.
Eberlin, Prelude and Fugue in A minor.
3. Nichelmann, La Galllarde et La Tendre (Sarabande and Gigue) in G.
Benda, Sonata in G minor.
J. E. Bach, Fantasia and Fugue in F.
4. J. C. F. Bach, Rondeau in C.
J. Ch. Bach, Sonata in B♭.
5. Rameau, Deux Gigues en Rondeau, Le Rappel des Oiseaux, Les tendres Plaintes, Deux Menuets, L'Egyptienne, La Poule.
6. Byrd, Præludium and Carman's Whistle.Bull, The King's Hunting Jigg.
O. Gibbons, Præludium and Galliard.
Arne, Sonata No. 3, in G.
II. Edited by F. Roitzsch, published by Peters:—
J. Ernst Bach, Fantaisie and Fugue in F.
Kirnberger, Prelude and Fugue in C♯ minor.
C. P. E. Bach, Solfeggio in C min.
Do., Sonata in F minor.
Couperin, March in A♭.
Do., Le Réveille-Matin in F.
Rameau, Tambourin in E minor.
D. Scarlatti, Allegro in G minor.
D. Scarlatti, Sonata in A.
Do., The Cat's Fugue, in G minor.
Clementi, Toccata in B♭.
Field, Rondo in E.
Cherubini, Fugue in C.
W. F. Bach, Sonata in D.
Eberlin, Prelude and Fugue in E minor.
Hässler, Fantasia in C minor.
J. B. Cramer, Toccatina in A♭.
[ G. ]
KLEIN, BERNHARD, a German composer, born at Cologne, where his father was a bass player, March 6, 1793. His early life was passed in the disturbances of the French occupation of the Rhine, but in 1812 he found means to get to Paris, where Cherubini's advice, the hearing of fine performers, and the study of the library of the Conservatoire, advanced him greatly. On his return to the Rhine he conducted the performances in Cologne Cathedral, and profited by an acquaintance with Thibaut and his fine library at Heidelberg. His first important works were a Mass (1816) and a Cantata on Schiller's 'Worte des Glaubens' (1817). In 1819 he was sent officially to Berlin to make acquaintance with Zelter's system of teaching and to apply it in Cologne Cathedral. He however found it more profitable to remain in Berlin, where he became connected with the recently established School for Organists, and was made director of music in the University, and teacher of singing in the Hochschule. These occupations in no wise checked his productivity. He composed a mass of sonatas and songs, an oratorio 'Job' (Leipzig, 1820), and a grand opera, 'Dido,' to Rellstab's text (1823). In 1823 he married, and went to Rome, where he passed a fine time in intercourse with Baini, and in copying from the ancient treasures of music there. On his return to Berlin he composed an oratorio, 'Jephthah,' for the Cologne Festival, 1828, and another, 'David,' for Halle, 1830.[1] In 1832, Sept. 9, he suddenly died. Besides the compositions already mentioned he left a Mass in D, a Paternoster for 8 voices, a Magnificat and Respoiisoria for 6 do., an opera and an oratorio, both nearly finished, 8 books of psalms, hymns, and motets for men's voices, and other pieces both sacred and secular. His vocal music was much used by singing societies after his death. Mr. Hullah has reprinted one of the 4-part psalms, 'Like as the hart,' in his excellent collection called 'Vocal Scores.' It is sweet, dignified, religious, music, very vocal in its phrases.
[ G. ]
KLEMM. This well-known Leipzig music-publishing firm, and circulating library, was founded in 1821 by Carl August Klemm in the
- ↑ These two oratorios are in the Library of the Sacred Harmonic Society.
