ἀλέκτωρ, -ορος, ὁ, a cock, (Lat. gallus gallinaceus): Mt. xxvi. 34, 74 sq.; Mk. xiv. 30, 68 [Lchm. br.], 72; Lk. xxii. 34, 60 sq.; Jn. xiii. 38; xviii. 27. Cf. Lob. ad Phryn. p. 229; [Rutherford, New Phryn. p. 307; W. 23; see also BB. DD. s. v.; Tristram, Nat. Hist. of the Bible, p. 221 sq.; esp. Egli, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol., 1879 p. 517 sqq.].*
Ἀλεξανδρεύς, -ἑως, ὁ, an Alexandrian, a native or a resident of Alexandria (a celebrated city of Egypt): Acts vi. 9; xviii. 24. [(Plut. Pomp. 49, 6; al.)]*
Ἀλεχανδρινος [cf. Tδf.’s note on Acts xxvii. 6; G L Tr Cobet, al. -δρῖνος: Chandler § 397 note], -ή, -όν, Alexandrian: Acts xxvii. 6; xxviii. 11. [(Polyb. 34, 8, 7.)]*
Ἀλέξανδρος [i. e. defender of men], -ου, ὁ, Alexander; 1. a son of that Simon of Cyrene who carried the cross of Jesus: Mk. xv. 21. 2. a certain man of the kindred of the high priest: Acts iv. 6. 3. a certain Jew: Acts xix. 33. 4. a certain coppersmith, an opponent of the apostle Paul: 1 Tim. i. 20; 2 Tim. iv. 14; [al. doubt whether both these passages relate to the same man; cf. e. g. Ellic. on the former].*
ἄλευρον, -ου, τό, (ἀλεύω to grind), wheaten flour, meal: Mt. xiii. 33; Lk. xiii. 21. Hesych. ἄλευρα κυρίως τὰ τοῦ σίτου, ἄλφιτα δὲ τῶν κριθῶν. (Hdt., Xen., Plat., Joseph., al.)*
ἀλήθεια, -ας, ἡ, (ἀληθής), (fr. Hom. down], verity, truth. Ι. objectively; 1. univ. what is true in any matter under consideration (opp. to what is feigned, fictitious, false): Jas. iii. 14; ἀλήθειαν λέγειν, ἐρεῖν. Jn. viii. 45 sq.; xvi. 7; Ro. ix. 1; 1 Co. xii. 6; 1 Tim. ii. 7: εἶπεν αὐτῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν, everything as it really was, Mk. v. 33, (so in classics); μαρτυρεῖν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ to testify according to the true state of the case, Jn. v. 33; in a broader sense, λαλεῖν ἀλήθειαν to speak always according to truth, Eph. iv. 25; [ἀληθείας ῥήματα ἀποφθέγγομαι, as opp. to the vagaries of madness, Acts xxvi. 25]; ἀλήθεια ἐγένετο, was shown to be true by the event, 2 Co. vii. 14. ἐν ἀληθείᾳ in truth, truly, as the case is, according to fact: Mt. xxii. 16; Jn. iv. 23 sq. (as accords with the divine nature); 2 Co. vii. 14; Col. i. 6; ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας a. truly, in truth, according to truth: Mk. xii. 32; Lk. iv. 25, (Job ix. 2 Sept.; Philo, vit. Moys. i. § 1). b. of a truth, in reality, in fact, certainly: Mk. xii. 14; Lk. xx. 21; [xxii. 59]; Acts iv. 27; x. 34, (Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 23, 5 and 47, 3); [cf. W. § 51, 2 f.; B. 336 (289)]; κατ’ ἀλήθειαν in accordance with fact, i. e. (acc. to the context) justly, without partiality: Ro. ii. 2; εἴτε προφάσει, εἴτε ἀληθείᾳ, Phil. i. 18; ἐν ἔργῳ κ. ἀληθείᾳ, 1 Jn. iii. 18 [Rec. om. ἐν; so Eph. iv. 21 WH mrg.). 2. In reference to religion, the word denotes what is true in things appertaining to God and the duties of man, (‘moral and religious truth’); and that a. with the greatest latitude, in the sceptical question τί ἐστιν ἀλήθεια, Jn. xviii. 38; b. the true notions of God which are open to human reason without his supernatural intervention: Ro. i. 18; also ἡ ἀλήθεια θεοῦ the truth of which God is the author, Ro. i. 25, cf. 19, (ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ Χριστοῦ, Evang. Nicod. c. 5, 2; accordingly it is not, as many interpret the phrase, the true nature of God [yet see Mey. ad loc.]); truth, the embodiment of which the Jews sought in the Mosaic law, Ro. ii. 20. c. the truth, as taught in the Christian religion, respecting God and the execution of his purposes through Christ, and respecting the duties of man, opposed alike to the superstitions of the Gentiles and the inventions of the Jews, and to the corrupt opinions and precepts of false teachers even among Christians: ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγ. the truth which is the gospel or which the gospel presents, Gal. ii. 5, 14, [cf. W. § 34, 3 a.]; and absol. ἡ ἀλήθεια and ἀλήθεια: Jn. i. 14, 17; viii. 32, 40; [xvi. 13]; xvii. 19; 1 Jn. i. 8; ii. 4, 21; 2 Jn. 1-3; Gal. iii. 1 (Rec.); v. 7; 2 Co. iv. 2; xiii. 8; Eph. iv. 24; 2 Th. ii. 10, 12; 1 Tim. ii. 7 (ἐν πίστει κ. ἀληθείᾳ in faith and truth, of which I became a partaker through faith); iii. 15; iv. 3; vi. 5; 2 Tim. ii. 18; iii. 8; iv. 4; Tit i. 14; 2 Pet. i. 12; [3 Jn. 8, 12]; ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας, Col. i. 5; Eph. i. 13; 2 Tim. ii. 15; λόγος ἀληθείας, 2 Co. vi. 7; Jas. i. 18; ὁδὸς τῆς ἀλ. 2 Pet. ii. 2; πίστις ἀληθείας, 2 Th. ii. 13 [W. 186 (175)]; ὑπακοὴ τῆς ἀλ. 1 Pet. i. 22; ἐπίγνωσις τῆς ἀλ. Heb. x. 26; 1 Tim. ii. 4; 2 Tim. ii. 25; iii. 7; [Tit. i. 1]; πνεῦμα τῆς ἀλ. the Spirit (of God) which is truth (1 Jn. v. 6) and imbues men with the knowledge of the truth, Jn. xiv. 17; [xvi. 13]; xv. 26; 1 Jn. iv. 6; ἐγὼ εἰμι ἡ ἀλήθεια I am he in whom the truth is summed up and impersonated, Jn. xiv. 6; ἡ ἀλήθειά σου [Rec.] (i. e. θεοῦ) the truth which is in thee and proceeds from thee, Jn. xvii. 17; [ἔστιν ἀλήθεια Χριστοῦ ἐν ἐμοί i. e. controls, actuates, me, 2 Co. xi. 10]; εἶναι ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας to be eager to know the truth, Jn. xviii. 37 (see ἐκ, Π. 7, and εἰμί, V. 3 d.); to proceed from the truth, 1 Jn. ii. 21; to be prompted and controlled by the truth, 1 Jn. iii. 19; μαρτυρεῖν τῇ ἀληθ. to give testimony in favor of the truth in order to establish its authority among men, Jn. xviii. 37; ἀλήθειαν ποιεῖν to exemplify truth in the life, to express the form of truth in one’s habits of thought and modes of living, Jn. iii. 21; 1 Jn. i. 6, (Tob. xiii. 6; iv. 6; cf. Neh. ix. 33; ὁδὸν ἀληθείας αἱρετίζεσθαι, Ps. cxviii. (cxix.) 30); so also περιπατεῖν ἐν τῇ ἀλ. 2 Jn. 4; 3 Jn. 3 sq.; ἀπειθεῖν τῇ ἀλ. is just the opposite, Ro. ii. 8; so also πλανηθῆναι ἀπὸ τῆς ἀλ. Jas. v. 19. II. subjectively; truth as a personal excellence; that candor of mind which is free from affectation, pretence, simulation, falsehood, deceit: Jn. viii. 44; sincerity of mind and integrity of character, or a mode of life in harmony with divine truth: 1 Co. v. 8; xiii. 6 (opp. to ἀδικία); Eph. iv. 21 [see I. 1 b. above]; v. 9; [vi. 14]; σοῦ ἡ ἀλήθεια the truth as it is discerned in thee, thy habit of thinking and acting in congruity with truth, 3 Jn. 3; ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ θεοῦ which belongs to God, i. e. his holiness [but cf. περισσεύω, 1 b. fin.], Ro. iii. 7; spec. veracity (of God in keeping his promises), Ro. xv. 8; ἐν ἀληθείᾳ sincerely and truthfully, 2 Jn. 1; 3 Jn. 1. The word is not found in Rev. ([nor in 1 Thess., Philem., Jude]). Cf. Hölemann, “Bibelstudien”, (Lpz. 1859) 1te Abth. p. 8 sqq.; [Wendt in Stud. u. Krit., 1883, p. 511 sqq.]*
ἀληθεύω; in prof. writ. ([Aeschyl.], Xen., Plat., Aristot., al.) to speak the truth; a. to teach the truth: τινί
