CHAPTER VII.
Deep Sea Soundings—Maury prophesies the existence of the "Telegraphic Plateau—John Mercer Brooke's invention of a deep sea lead—Extract of a letter from the Secretary of the Navy—Maury's letters to the Secretary, suggesting the place for the cable, and the kind of line to be used—Dinner at New York to celebrate the first arrival of a message across the ocean—Cyrus West Field's speech—The cable ceases to work—Maury explains the cause—Letters on file at the Observatory on this subject.
As early as 1848, Maury, in the course of his investigations of the winds and currents, had been led to the conclusion that there existed between Newfoundland and Ireland a broad and level plateau at the bottom of the ocean. In 1849 Congress directed the Secretary of the Navy "to detail three suitable vessels to be used in testing new routes and perfecting the discoveries made by Lieutenant Maury." Under the authority of this instruction, vessels were dispatched from time to time. From 1849 to 1851, the U. S. schooner 'Janey' was so dispatched, in command of Lieutenant Walsh, under whom were Samuel Marcy, R. J. Farquharson, George H. Hare, A. Allmont, and C. W. Wooley. In 1851-52, the U. S. Brig 'Dolphin' was commanded by Lieutenant S. P. Lee. His officers were E. A. Borbot, J. P. Hall, Edward Renshaw, J. D. Donell, and W. K. Mayo. Lieutenant O. H. Berryman succeeded to the command of the 'Dolphin' in 1852-1853, under whom S. R. Franklin, W. T. Truxton, Beverly Kennon, G. W. Morris, and H. M. Garland were appointed to serve.
In speaking of the sounding operations of these officers
