Page:A critical and exegetical commentary on Genesis (1910).djvu/256

hence v.⁷ presupposes v.¹⁰. The same order of events is found in P (^{11. 13}) and in the Babylonian legend: "when the lords of the darkness send at evening a (grimy?) rain, enter into the ship and close thy door" (l. 88 f.).—16b (which must in any case follow immediately on v.⁷) contains a fine anthropomorphism, which (in spite of the Bab. parallel just cited) it is a pity to spoil by deleting (Hebrew characters) and making Noah the implicit subject (Klost. NKZ, i. 717).—12. forty days and forty nights] This determination, which in J expresses the entire duration of the Flood, seems to have been treated by R as merely a stage in the increase of the waters (cf. 8⁶). It obviously breaks the connexion of P. The Babylonian deluge lasted only six days and nights (l. 128).—17b. Parallel to ¹⁸ (P).—22, 23. A singularly effective description of the

the words either replace (Hebrew characters) (as v.¹), or are a pure insertion;—in either case redactional.—(Hebrew characters)] so 7¹⁰ (J), 9¹¹ (P) (ct. (Hebrew characters), 6¹⁷ 7⁶).—(Hebrew characters)] G (Greek characters); V diluvium; S and T^O (Hebrew characters) (T^J (Hebrew characters)). The word has usually been derived from (Hebrew characters), 'streaming' (see Ges. Th., Di.); but is more probably a foreign word without Heb. etymology (see Nö. ZDMG, xl. 732). Del. (Parad. 156) proposed the derivation from Ass. nabâlu, 'destroy,' which is accepted by König (ii. 153), Ball (p. 53), and others. The Bab. technical equivalent is abûbu, which denotes both a 'light-flood' and a 'water-flood': the double sense has been thought to explain P's addition of (Hebrew characters) to the word (see on 6¹⁷). A transformation of the one name into the other is, however, difficult to understand (see KAT³, 495¹, 546²). In Ps. 29¹⁰ (Hebrew characters) appears to be used in a general sense without a historic reference to the Noachic Deluge (see Duhm, ad loc.).—8, 9 present a mixed text. The distinction of clean and unclean points to J; but all other features ((Hebrew characters) [though a reading (Hebrew characters) seems attested by [E]VT^J, and MSS of G]; (Hebrew characters); the undiscriminated (Hebrew characters); the categorical enumeration [to which G adds the birds at the beginning of v.⁸]) to P. In P the vv. are not wanted, because they are a duplicate of ^13-16: they must therefore be assigned to an interpolator (Bu. al.).—10. On the construction of the sentence, see G-K. § 164 a, and on v.⁶ below.—12. (Hebrew characters)] ([root] ǧasuma = 'be massive') commonly used of the heavy winter rain (Ezr. 10⁹, Ca. 2¹¹): see GASm. HG, 64.—16b. (Hebrew characters)] G (Greek characters) + (Greek characters).—17b. Since ¹⁸ belongs to P ((Hebrew characters), (Hebrew characters)), its duplicate ^17b must be from J, where it forms a natural continuation of ¹². ^17a, on the other hand (in spite of the 40 days), must be assigned to P (see p. 164).—22. (Hebrew characters)] is an unexampled combination, arising from confusion of a phrase of J ((Hebrew characters), 2⁷) with one of P ((Hebrew characters), 6¹⁷ 7¹⁵). The v. being from J (cf. (Hebrew characters) instead of (Hebrew characters); (Hebrew characters) instead of (Hebrew characters), ²¹), (Hebrew characters) is naturally the word to be deleted.—23a as a whole is J ((Hebrew characters), (Hebrew characters)); but the clause (Hebrew characters) . . . (Hebrew characters) seems again (cf. 6⁷)