widely recognised by Assyriologists.[1] It is, however, questioned by
Jen.[2], absolutely rejected by Bezold,[3] and pronounced 'problematical'
by Mey. GA2, I. ii. 551.—(On (
Hebrew characters), see 1010.)—(2) (Hebrew characters) (cf. Dn. 214, Jth.
16), it seems, is now satisfactorily identified with Eri-agu, the Sumerian
equivalent of Arad-Sin, a king of Larsa, who was succeeded by his
more famous brother, Rîm-Sin, the ruler who was conquered by
Ḫammurabi in the 31st year of the latter's reign (KAT3, 16, 19). The
two brothers, sons of the Elamite Kudurmabug, were first distinguished
by Thureau-Dangin in 1907 (Sumer. und Akkad. Königsinschr. 210 f.;
cf. King, Chronicles concerning early Bab. Kings, vol. i. 682; Mey. GA2,
I. ii. p. 550 f.). Formerly the two names and persons were confused;
and Schrader's attempt to identify Rîm-Sin with Arioch,[4] though
accepted by many, was reasonably contested by the more cautious
Assyriologists, e.g. Jen. (ZDMG, 1896, 247 ff.), Bezold (op. cit. 27, 56),
and Zimmern (KAT3, 367). The objections do not hold against the
equation Arioch = Eriagu = Arad-Sin, provided Arad-Sin be kept distinct
from Rîm-Sin. The discovery by Pinches[5] in 1892 of the name
Eri-[E]aku or Eri-Ekua stands on a somewhat different footing. The
tablets on which these names occur are admittedly late (not earlier than
the 4th cent. B.C.); the identity of the names with Eri-Aku is called in
question by King;[6] who further points out that this Eri-Ekua is not
styled a king, that there is nothing to connect him with Larsa, and
that consequently we have no reason to suppose him the same as
either of the well-known contemporaries of Ḫammurabi. The real
significance of the discovery lies in the coincidence that on these
same late fragments (and nowhere else) the two remaining names
of the v. are supposed to occur.—(3) (Hebrew characters) ((Greek characters)) unquestionably
stands for Kudur-lagamar, a genuine Elamite proper name, containing
the name of a known Elamite divinity Lagamar (KAT3, 485),
preceded by a word which appears as a component of theophorous
Elamite names (Kudur-mabug, Kudur-Nanḫundi, etc.). It is extremely
doubtful, however, if the actual name has yet been found outside of this
chapter. The "sensational" announcement of Scheil (1896), that he
had read it (Ku-dur-nu-uḫ-ga-mar) in a letter of Ḫammurabi to Sinidinnam,
king of Larsa, has been disposed of by the brilliant refutation
of King (op. cit. xxv-xxxix. Cf. also Del. BA, iv. 90). There remains
the prior discovery of the Pinches fragments, on which there is mentioned
thrice a king of Elam whose name, it was thought, might be
read Kudur-laḫ-mal or Kudur-laḫ-gu-mal.[7] The first element (Kudur)
- ↑ See Schr. SBBA, 1887, xxxi. 600 ff.
- ↑ ZDMG, 1896, 252.
- ↑ Die bab.-ass. Keilinschriften, etc., 1904, pp. 26, 54.
- ↑ SBBA, 1894, xv. 279 ff.
- ↑ See his OT in the light, etc., 223 ff.; cf. Homm. AHT, 181 ff.; and Sayce's amended trans. in PSBA, 1906, 193 ff., 241 ff.; 1907, 7 ff.
- ↑ Letters and Inscrs. of Ḫammurabi, i. p. liii. Jen., Peiser, and Bezold also pronounce against the identification.
- ↑ This reading is questioned by King; see liv-lvi, or the extract in Dri. Gen., Addenda on p. 157 n. Sayce now (l.c. p. 194 ff.) proposes to
