BUTTER WORTH AND CHURCHILL. 343 had been under the editorship of H. J. Johnson. These two were now amalgamated into the British and Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review t which, dating from Churchill's establishment, has acquired a professional standing equal to that of the Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviews in more general criticism. In 1839, appeared the first number of the Medical Times and Gazette, which, under the editorial care of T. P. Healey, and subsequently of J. L. Bushman, has found a very large and influential clientele. The medical writers have at present something in common with the early authors. Their works bring them in more remuneration through eventual patron- age than from habitual sale, but their patronage is that of all the great public, who are waiting to have their ailments cured. As an instance of the way in which literature may improve the position of a medical man, it is stated by Mr. W. Clarke that, through Elliotson's clinical reports in the Lancet, his income was raised, in one year, from 500 to 5000. And yet, on the other hand, when he openly gave in his ad- herence to the newly-imported doctrine of mesmerism, his large public and private practice almost entirely deserted him ; and as the legitimate organs were closed to one so abandoned as even to experiment in " the unknown," he started a medico-mesmeric journal of his own, the Zoist, which was, of course, not published by Mr. Churchill. There is necessarily the same want of general interest in medical as in legal bibliography ; and, as in the latter case, works more popularly known were almost invariably published by the usual popular publishers. For instance, Dr, Buclian's" Domestic Medicine" pro-
