Example 1:—imie, ‘the name.’
| Singular. | Plural. | |||
| N. | imie | imiona. | ||
| G. | imienia | imion. | ||
| D. | imieniu | imionom. | ||
| A. | imie | imiona. | ||
| V. | imie | imiona. | ||
| I. | imieniem | imionami. | ||
| L. | imieniu | imionach. |
To this declension belong the verbal substantives in ie, but, as a rule, they are only used in the singular.
Many other substantives are also used only in the singular, especially when a collective idea is implied; as, żyto, ‘barley;’ jazda, ‘cavalry;’ dziatwa, ‘children.’ Others are only used in the plural; as, chrzciny, ‘ baptism;’ lowy, hunting.' Substantives can also be modified into diminutives and augmentatives; as, krówka, ‘a little cow;’ mieścisko, ‘a great ugly town.’ In some substantives in the last syllable in the locative a and o are changed into e, as gniazdo, ‘the nest,’ w gniezdie; siodło, ‘the saddle,’ w siedle; jezioro, ‘the lake,’ w jezierze; żelazo, ‘the iron,’ w żelazie.
The following substantives are also irregular:-oko, ‘the eye;’ ucho, ‘the ear,’ in the plural; xiąze, ‘prince,’ is irregular in the singular-in the plural it is declined like cielęta, 'calves'.
