of the High-Bush Cranberry there. The earliest application of the name to the river I have been able to find is in a plan dated 1825 in the Crown Land Office, where it is spelled Pabina, while another plan of the same year has Pabineau, as at present. It is interesting to note, as in some degree confirmatory of the origin of the name here given, that Lanman, in his very interesting book, "Adventures in the Wilds of the United States and British American Provinces," 1856, calls the falls "Pabineau, or Cranberry Falls." If now one seeks the origin of the work Pabineau itself, he will search in vain for it in French dictionaries, Clapin's Dictionaire Canadien-Française, gives, however, "Pimbins, s. m. Fruit du Viburnum edule." The Acadian Pabina and the Canadian Pimbina seem, therefore, to be the same word; they are given as identical by Fernald in his "Some Plant-names of the Madawaska Acadians," (in Rhodora, I, 168). What, then, is the origin of Pimbina In Upham's great work on Glacial Lake Agassiz (U. S. Geological Survey, Monographs, xxv,) page 57, occurs the following: "Pambina River, this word is stated by Keating to be from an Ojibway word, anepeminan, which name has been shortened and corrupted into Pembina, meaning the fruit of the bush cranberry (Viburnum opulus, L.") Knowing the close relationship between the language of the Ojibway Indians and our Maliseets, I looked in Chamberlain's Maliseet Vocabulary and find he gives for the high-bush cranberry, I-pi-min. Rand, in his Micmac Reader, gives Nibumanul. All of these words are from the same root without doubt, and they show that Pabineau, though now good Acadian, is of Indian origin; but whether it was obtained direct from our Indians, or from the Canadian-French, who obtained it from other Indians, we do not know, but probably the latter was the case.
