CHAPTER 5
A LEARNER'S SYNOPSIS OF KIRUNDI STRUCTURE
Twakoze kazi. | 'we work.' 'We worked...(sometime today)' |
[hodiernal] |
Naboonye.... | 'I see.' 'I saw...(sometime today)' |
[hodiernal] |
Nkoze.... | 'I've just done...' 'I did...(sometime today).' |
[immediate] |
Baasomye.... | 'They've just read...' 'They read...(sometime earlier today).' |
[hodiernal] |
Basomye.... | 'They've just read...' 'They read...(sometime earlier today).' |
[immediate] |
The hesternal or 'yesterday', tense differs from the hodiernal in having a tone on the subject prefix.
Choose the appropriate time expression, and state whether each of the following Verb forms is HESTERNAL or HODIERNAL:
Baáboonye ikí? | 'What did they see | (today) (before today) |
?' | [HESTERNAL] | ||
Baaboonye iki? | &nsbp; | [HODIERNAL] | ||||
Mwaariiye ikí? | 'What did you (pl.) eat | (today) (before today) | ?' | [HODIERNAL] | ||
Baévuuyehe? | 'Where did they come from | (today) (before today) |
?' | [HESTERNAL] |
The immediate tense may be used in talking about the immediate future, but verbs that refer to more remote future actions are characterized by the prefix /—zoo—/.
State whether each of these verbs in IMMEDIATE, or (non-
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