found, even though we cannot yet analyze the many elements involved and assign to each its phyletic correlate."
The method of teaching by excursion and ramble, the direct observation of environment, and the imitation in play of the serious occupations of primitive man, is clearly indicated. This is also the time for forming motor habits and acquiring skill and technique. The accuracy of movement of the hand increases rapidly from six to eight. Before the age of eight the fine accessory muscles of the hand should not be greatly exercised, a fact that is, unhappily, commonly ignored in our kindergartens. Here little children are made to busy the themselves with fine work, requiring the functioning and control of these accessory muscles, before they are sufficiently developed to bear the strain, before, in fact, the nascent period for the functioning of these muscles has arrived. But from eight to twelve the boy should be taught to play musical instruments, to model in clay and snow, to carve in oak, to write, to draw natural and conventional forms with rapidity and facility rather than with accuracy of detail, especially in the earlier years—all with a view of getting easy control of the hand and ready co-ordination of hand and eye, and of hand and ear.
With the momentous physical changes of puberty, body, mind, and soul undergo a wonderful transformation, a veritable rebirth. Physical growth, both in size and strength, takes a bound forward. The heart increases greatly in size; indeed, during the whole period of adolescence (the teens and early twenties) the heart doubles in size, with consequent augmented pressure upon the blood-vessels and a rise in temperature of half a degree Fahrenheit. New feelings, new desires take possession of the soul. It is the age of aspiration. The youth is no longer so amenable to outer authority, but more and more he listens to an inner voice. It is the period of storm and stress, of great physical and psychical growth, change, and instability, of altruistic and predatory organizations, of conversions and crimes. The development of the powerful sex-instinct makes the youth a social being with vastly increased interest in his fellows and with vastly increased power of doing them both good and evil. This is the critical period of life. The youth's future is made or marred here. All depends in the last analysis upon the proper irradiation of the instincts of sex, upon their irradiation in healthful and wise directions. The more immediate satisfaction of the senses must be converted into a
