Kithns : Gennans and Swiss of Pennsylvania 813 settlement in Acadia or Nova Scotia, until its destruction by the English from Virginia. Since Dr. Shea wrote much new material has been dis- covered relating to the Huguenot settlement in Florida. Fewer, but still some, new documents have also been found shedding light upon early French effort in Nova Scotia and on the St. Lawrence. In so sumptuous an edition some attempt, we must repeat, ought to have been made to bring the notes up to the level of present-day scholarship. The German and Swiss Sctt/einents of Colonial Pennsylvania. A Study of the so-called Pennsylvania Dutch. By Oscar Kuhns. (New York : Henry Holt and Co. 1901. Pp.268.) The Germans in Colonial Times. By Lucv Forney Bittinger. (Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott Co. 1901. Pp. 314.) It is unfortunate that the history of the Pennsylvania Germans has reached the English-speaking public, for the most part, in the form of sketches written by laymen or laywomen who either did not know the subject, or did not understand the art of bookmaking. Attention was directed to this in the review of Cobb's Story of tiie Palatines (American Historical Review, III. 553) but since that time even more flagrant il- lustrations of superficial treatment of the subject have been furnished in Beidelman's The Story of the Pennsylvania Germans, Easton, 1898, and in Lucy Forney Bittinger's The Germans in Colonial Times. It can not be said, of course, of all, or even most of the writers who have contributed to the Annual Reports of the Society for the History of the Germans in Maryland or to the Proceedings of the Pennsylvania German Society, that they are trained historians, but this must be said to their credit : first, that they restrict themselves to brief periods or to definite and more or less local problems ; second, that they actually collect new material and treat the matter on their own account ; third, they subject their results to editorial committees for revision. In this way useful results have been obtained for both of these publications. A good instance of this kind of commendable amateur work is Hermann Schuhricht's History of the Ger- man Element in Virginia (eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth Annual Reports of the Society for the History of the Germans in Mary- land, 1897-1900). The work of Miss Bittinger is a narrative of the chief episodes of the history of the Germans in this country in the colonial epoch. The story is loosely thrown together, following in the main the general plan of the older German books, which took their cue from Franz Loher's Geschichte iind Ziistdnde der Deutschen in Amerika (Cincinnati and Leipzig, 1847). The work is a hasty compilation, made after a brief study into the litera- ture of the subject, but is in no sense a scientific contribution to the his- tory of the Germans in America, The sources consulted are mentioned at the end of the book, but without any apparent reference to their order of importance or publication. This bibliography is limited almost ex-
