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THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY
Industry
Number of women
Industry
Number of women
Ale and malt
Agricultural implements
Artificial flowers
Hairs
Baskets
Bakers
Bleachers, dyers, and scot.-
Bone and ivory makers
Books, etc
Bottles and mineral waters ....
Boxes
Brass workers
Bricks and tiles
Britannia and japanned ware. .
Brooms and brushes
Button
Cabinet
Candles, soap and tallow
Carpet
Carriages and wagons
Cheese *."
In chemical works
Cigar makers
Clock and watch makers
Confectionery
Copper workers
In cotton mills
In distilleries
In manufactures (not specified).
In fertilizer works
Making files, cutters, grinders. Flax dressers
61
12 2,887
739 i,596 1,063
649 171
5J9I 69
7,130
737
68
114
642
2,392 480 205
7,106 138 340 414
5,332
1,818
i, 800 16
91,479
8
8,651
12
22
990
Fur workers
Galloon, gimp, and tassel ma- kers
Glass
Glove
Gold and silver works
I lair workers
Harness and saddle makers . .
Hat and caps
Hosiery and knitting
Iron and steel works
Lace makers
Leather case and pocket book
Other leather works
Preserving meat and fruit. . . .
Mill and factory operatives (not specified)
Meat packers
Oil-mill and refinery opera- tives
Paper mill
Print works
Rubber factory
Sewing-machine factory opera- tives
Sewing-machine operatives. . .
Shirt, collar, and cuff makers.
Silk-mill operatives
Straw workers
Tobacco-factory operatives. . .
Woolen-mill operatives
616
1,542
564
i,953
1,967
999
i,55i
3,856
7,860
402
1,454
324
200
832
8,186
325
32 6,179
1,101
2,058
61
5,805 8,660
9,211
2,698
5,536
35.506
It will be noticed that by far the greatest number of women are employed in the cotton and woolen factories^ and the majority of these are in the eastern states.
The struggle for remedial legislation was a long one, and it was fought out first in Massachusetts, which seems natural as it was there that the American factory system had its birth. We may well study the history of the reform movement there.
As early as 1831-2 we find slight agitation, but no definite action in respect to women was taken until 1874, when the "ten- hour law" was passed. By this the work of children under eighteen years, and of women was limited to sixty hours per week. Over thirty years prior (1842) the work of children under
