SHORT 1049 SHRADY chair of materia medica and medical botany in 1837. He remained in active service in this institution until 1849, when he retired from active life. Dr. Short was never a voluminous writer and confined his publica- tions mainly to botanical subjects. Among his most prominent writings were "Notices of Western Botany and Conchology," a paper published jointly with Mr. H. Halbert Eaton (1830) ; "Instructions for the Gathering and Preservation of Plants in Herbaria" (1833) ; a "Catalogue of the Plants of Kentucky"; "The Bibliographia Botanica" (1836) ; "Sketch of the Progress of Botany in West- ern America"; "Observations on Botany in Illinois" (1845). "An industrious botanist, and an effectual promoter of botany in this country, his great usefulness in this field was mainly owing to the extent and the particular excellence of his personal collections, and to the generous profusion with which he distributed them far and wide among his fellow-laborers in this and other lands. He and the late Mr. Oakes, the one in the West and the other in the East, but independently, were the first in this country to prepare on an ample scale dried specimens of uniform and superlative excellence and beauty, and in lavish abundance for the purpose of supplying all who could need them." The name of Short is commemo- rated by a number of plants : the Genus Shor- tia, Vcskaria Shortii, Phaca Shortiana, Aster Shortii, Solidago Shortii, Carex Shortiana. The little story in connection with the Shortia is that when Dr. Gray was in Paris in 1837 he saw in the herbarium of the elder Michaux a mutilated plant whose label simply stated that it came from "les hautes montagnes de Carolinie." He tried in vain on his return to find the plant, but unsuccessfully. Two years later he described the plant and dedi- cated it to C. W. Short, and it became the object of all botanists visiting the Carolinas to find it. In 1877 it was found accidentally bj' G. M. H3'ams, a boy who had picked it up on the banks of the Catawba River near the town of Marion in McDowell County, North Carolina. (Letter from Asa Gray to Prof. Sargent, dated September 17, 1886.) Dr. Short was married to Mary Henry Churchill in November, 1815, and they had one son and five daughters. He died in Louis- ville, Kentucky, March 7, 1863, of pneumonia. Thomas Lindley Br-'^dford. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, Phila., 1865. Biographical Sketch of Charles Wilkins Short, S. D. Gross, Philadelphia, 1865. Some Amer. Med. Botanists, H. A. Kelly, 1914, Portrait. Shotwell. John T. (1807-1850) John Shotwell was born in Mason County, Kentucky, January 10, 1807, to which place his parents had emigrated from New Jersey at an early period in the history of the West. The boy's early love of literature deter- mined his father to give him a liberal edu- cation, so the family moved to Lexington, Kentucky, and the son entered Transylvania University in 1822, and graduated in 1825, with so high a reputation that Dr. Drake (q. V.) persuaded him to take up medicine. He began to study with Dr. Drake in 1826, and became his partner in 1830. In 1832 he received his M. D. from the medical College of Ohio, and was immediately appointed adjunct professor of anatomy to his friend, Dr. Jedediah Cobb (q. v.). In 1832 he married Mary Ward, daughter of John P. Foote of Cincinnati. He was demonstrator of anatomy in the Medical College of Cincinnati, Ohio, from 1836 to 1838 and in the latter j^ear succeeded Dr. Cobb as professor of anatomy, occupy- ing this chair, with the exception of the session of 1849-50, until his death. In 1842 he went to Europe, to visit the great medical centers. During the cholera of 1850 his strength was overtaxed, and, a victim to the importunities of his patients, and his desire to relieve the suffering, he died July 23, 1850. A. G. Dritry. Cincin. Med. Observer. 1857, vol. ii, 1-7. Portrait. Trans. Ohio Med. Soc, Columbus, 1851, 64-66. Shrady, George Frederick (1837-1907) George Frederick Shrady was distinguished as a surgeon of ingenuity and skill, as a medical journalist — the most prominent and successful in the countr}', and as a man of very unusual personal and social gifts. He was born in New York City, January 14, 1837, and was one of the four children of John and Margaret Beinhauer Shrady. His paternal grandfather emigrated from Baden-Baden, Germany, to New York City in 1735. Both his grandfathers served in the Revolutionary War, and his father in the War of 1812. Dr. Shrady was educated in public and private schools, finally graduating as A. B. from the College of New York, and in medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1858. He entered as interne in New York Hospital and graduated from its surgical division in 1859. During the Civil War he was assistant sur- geon in the U. S. Army, and did work both
