SUTHERLAND 1117 SWEAT Sutherland, Charles (1831-1895) A son of the Hon. Joel Barlow Suther- land, a physician, soldier, statesman and jur- ist, the first president of the Society of the War of 1812, Charles was educated in the private schools of Philadelphia and at Jeflfer- son Medical College, and received his M. D. in 1849. He entered the military service in October, 1851, as acting assistant surgeon and, when commissioned, served at various sta- tions, chiefly throughout the west, engaging in numerous expeditions against the Indians, and was promoted surgeon-major April 16, 1862. He was with Gen. Halleck's forces at Columbus, Kentucky, and Memphis, Tennessee, fitting out numerous large general hospitals and equipping extensive forces with medical supplies, also serving as assistant medical di- rector and inspector with Gen. Grant and par- ticipating in the siege of Vicksburg, besides holding afterwards many army appointments. In 1876 he was promoted colonel and surgeon, serving as medical director and promoted to surgeon-general of the army by Pres. Har- rison, December 23, 1890. He retired to Washington two years before his death, on May 10, 1895, having fulfilled the duties of his many offices with fidelity and ability. James Evelyn Pilcher. Journal of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, James Evelyn Pilcher, 1905, vol. xvi. Portrait. The Surgeon-generals of the United States Army. Carlisle, Pa., 1905. Portrait. Sutton, George (1812-1886) George Sutton, of Aurora, Indiana, who wrote a considerable number of papers on epidemics and made them a special study, was born in London, England, on June 16, 1812, and came with his parents to America in 1819. As a boy he went to the village school and in 1828 to the Miami University, afterwards studying medicine with Dr. Jesse Smith in Cincinnati. In 1836 he graduated from the Ohio Medical College with a thesis on the "Relation between the Blood and Vital Prin- ciple," in the spring of the same year begin- ning practice in Aurora, Indiana, where he married Sarah Folire and had five children, four sons and one daughter. In 1843 an epidemic of erysipelas broke out in Aurora and Sutton's paper on it in the Western Lancet was practically all incor- porated into Copland's Medical Dictionary. He also vvrote on "The Medical History of Cholera in Indiana." In 1856 he wrote an- other report on erysipelas and the same year a careful study on hog cholera, which was then ravaging the State. He was one of the first to study the disease in a systematic way. These studies were published in the Cincin- nati Gazette 1857, and when they had been more extended, in the American Medico- Chirurgical Review, 1858. He was instrument tal in organizing the Dearborn County Medical Society which met first at his house and he was president of this society, and also of the Indiana State Medical Society. He served the American Medjcal Associa- tion for two years as Chairman of the Com- mittee on Meteorology and Epidemics and compiled the reports. Keenly interested, also, in natural science, the antiquities of the West early attracted his attention, and he wrote articles concerning a large collection of geological and other speci- mens he had collected. One of his papers was "Evidences in Boone County, Kentucky, of Glacial or Ice Deposits of Two Distinct and Widely Distant Periods"; another an address before the Association for the Advancement of Science. The Med. Hist, of Indiana, G. W. H. Kemper, 1911. Address before Rocky Mt. Med. Assoc, J. M. Toner, 1877. Bibliography. Sweat, Moies (1788-1865) The portrait of Moses Sweat shows us a handsome man with long flowing patriarchal beard and hair, the latter pushed back from his forehead, a clean-shaven upper Up, and a placid face. He was the eldest son of Jona- than and Sarah Ayer Sweat, and was born in Portland, Maine, March 15, 1788. He had a career of over half a century as physician and surgeon, though he made no specialty of surgery, but cases of this sort for fifty miles around fell into his hands and he worked mostly in that line. In the beginning of his life he was a plain mechanic, but not liking manual labor, began to study medicine at first during his work, and later with Dr. James Bradbury (q. v.), of Parsonsfield, an early member of the Maine Medical Society. He also studied at Dart- mouth with the celebrated anatomist, Alex- ander Ramsay (q. v.). in 1808 and, later, at Ramsay's Medical School in Fryeburg, Maine. He was demonstrator of anatomy at Dart- mouth while a student there, and also at Fryeburg, so that the knowledge of anatomy then gained helped him as a surgeon. He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and afterwards of the Maine Medical Society, and as his fame increased, he received an honorary M. D. from the Med- ical School of Maine in 1823, and from the Castleton, Vermont, Medical School in 1846.
