TOMES 1152 TOMLINSON day of his death accurate recollections of the stirring events of the early Colonial days, and there was no one so intimate with the Indian affairs of the province. Oswald M. Jones. Tomes, Robert (1817-1882). Robert Tomes, physician and author, was born in New York, May Zl , 1817. He gradu- ated from Washington College — now Trinity College — at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1837; after graduation he studied medicine in Phila- delphia, then at the University of Edinburgh, where he received his degree of M. D., in 1840, subsequently going to Paris and return- ing to New York to take up the practice of medicine. After a few years of active practice there, he was appointed surgeon to the Pacific Mail Steamship Co., and made several voyages between Panama and San Francisco. In 1865 he was appointed United States Consul to Rheims, France, and held this position for two years. In 1867 he returned to the United States and from that time until his death, which occurred in Brooklyn, New York, Au- gust 28, 1882, he spent most of his time in literary work, his chief interest in life. In all his varied experiences he had the de- sire of the literary man to give his conclusions to the world at large. This is evidenced by the following list of his writings which show that most of the experiences of his life were sooner or later turned into copy" : "My College Days," a small book of 211 pages, containing reminiscences of the gram- mar school of Columbia University, Trinity College at Hartford, The University of Penn- sylvania, the University of Edinburgh and a residence in Paris; "Panama in 1855"; "The comparative Anatomy and Psychology of the African Negro," translated by Robert Tomes and Julius Friedlander; "The Bazaar Book of Health" ; "The Bazaar Book of Decorum" ; "The Bazaar Book of the Household" ; "The Youth's Health Book. These were a series of small books published for Harper and Brothers, Leisure Hour Series. They were writtPii in an easy, rambling, colloquial style, and did much to popularize health and hygiene. Dr. Tomes also wrote "The Champagne Coun- try, Rheims, France," 1867." His longest works were "The Battles of America, by Sea and Land, with biographical sketches of great military and naval commanders, from the siege of Louisburg, to the close of the Civil War." He also wrote "The War With The South, with biographical sketches." By an arrange- ment vvitli the publishers, this was issued in serial form, and when Dr. Tomes stopped writing, it was continued — from 1864 to the end of the war — by Benjamin G. Smith. Dictny, Amcr. Biog. F. S. Drake, Boston, 1872. Appleton's Cyclop. Amer. Biog., N. Y.. 1887. Tomlinson, Harry Ashton (1855-1913). Harry Ashton Tomlinson, alienist, was born in Pennsylvania, July 3, 1855. His parents, George Washington Tomlinson and Sarah Mc- Cahon, were natives of the same state. His father belonged to an old Quaker family, and his mother was of Scotch-Irish parentage. At the opening of the war, his father went to the front as a lieutenant in the 26th Penn- sylvania, and when mustered out in 1863, re- enlisted in the 99th Pennsylvania, rising to the rank of major. He participated in all of the engagements of the Army of the Potomac, and at Deep Bottom, Virginia, near the close of the war, was wounded, sustaining injuries which eventually caused his death. His son, Harry Ashton Tomlinson, attended school at intervals during his youth, but from the age of sixteen was dependent entirely upon his own resources. While in a general store at Bath, New York, for six years, he occupied his leisure in the study of the rudimentary prin- ciples of medicine. He thus won a scholar- ship offered by the University of Pennsyl- vania, and in 1877 matriculated at that insti- tution. He graduated in medicine in 1880, and engaged in practice at Muncie, Pennsyl- vania, for eight years. In June, 1899, he was appointed assistant physician of the Friends' Hospital at Frankford, Pennsylvania, and re- mained three years. In 1891 he became assistant superintendent of the St. Peter State Hospital, and in June, 1893, following the resignation of Dr. C. K. Bartlett, he was made superintendent. During his twelve years at St. Peter State Hospital, he inaugurated new methods in the treatment of the insane, and the hospital became one of the first rank through his efforts. He recog- nized and practised hospital methods and dis- carded the old asylum ideas. He introduced women nurses into the men's wards, and equipped the building with inodern appliances, and through his work, became a recognized authority in psychiatry. In 1912 a state hospital for inebriates was established at Willmar, Minnesota, and he divided his time between the two cities, super- intending his own hospital and watching the construction of the new institution, of which he later became superintendent. He was a student, keeping up with the prog-
