WINSLOW 1246 WINTHROP sive in the city. He may have graduated from the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania in 1830, for a Thomas Wilson, of Pennsylvania, is on the list of grad- uates of that year. In his later years he retired from the pratice of medicine and de- voted himself wholly to ornithology and kin- dred branches of natural science. He made an extensive collection of birds, including nearly every known American species, which for size and variety is said to have ranked third in the world at the time. He presented it to the Philedalphia Academy of Natural Sciences. He became a member of the Academy in 1832, and its president in 1863, and participated actively and enthusiastically in all its affairs, contribut- ing extensively to its library, and securing numerous gifts from others. Dr. Wilson, al- though a tireless student of nature and the author of several letters and monographs, left little or nothing in published form. He died in Newark, Delakare, March IS, 1865. Charles R. Bardeen. Win.low, Caleb (1824-1895) He was born in Perquimans County, North Carolina, January 24. 1824. His father was Nathan Winslow, of that county, his mother, Margaret Fitz Randolph, of Virginia, both Quakers. When about twenty he graduated from Haver ford College. Pennsylvania, and in 1849 took his M. D. from the University of Penn- sylvania, settling in Hertford the same year, and becoming widely known as a skilful sur- geon. His work consisted largely of amputa- tion of limbs, breast excisions, cataract opera- tions, trephining and removal of external tumors. In the operation of lithotomy he became especially expert and his record of ninety-nine operations with but one death was for a long time the best in the world. A report of these cases in published in the Maryhvd Medical Journal for February 23, 1884 (vol. x). It is stated that he had never seen an operation for stone until after he had performed many him- self. He also did a trephining for epilepsy and cured the patient. In 1866 he removed to Baltimore, Maryland, where, finding the surgical field already occu- pied, he developed a large general practice and died on June 13, 1895. His widow and three children survived him. Two sons, John R. and Randolph, became medical men in Balti- more. Hubert A. Rovsteh. North Carolina Med. Jour.. Aug.. 1892. Perional comrounicationB from R. Winslow. Winslow, Charles Frederick (1811-1877) Charles Frederick Winslow was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts, in 1811. He was graduated as a physician at Harvard College in 1834. Dr. Winslow was apopinted U. S. consul at Payta, Peru, in 1862, served for sev- eral years, visited the Sandwich Islands and other countries, and was for many years a resident of California. He contributed to periodicals, and published "Cosmography, or Philosophical View of the Universe" (Boston, 1853) ; "Preparation of the Earth for the Intellectual Races," a lecture (1854); "The Cooling Globe" (1865) ; and "Force and Na- ture: Attraction and Repulsion, etc." (Phila- delphia. 1869). Appleton's Cyclop. Am. Biog., N. Y., 1889, vol. vi, p. 566. Winthrop, John (1606-1676; This scholar, statesman and sometime doc- tor, John Winthrop the Younger, was born at Groton, Suffolk, England, on February 12, 1606, and prepared for college in the Free Grammar School at Bury St. Ed- munds and completed his education at Trinity College, Dublin. Subsequently he studied law and was admitted as a barrister of the Inner Temple, but a thirst for travel and adventure sent him seaward as secretary to Capt. Best of the ship of war, Repulse, in the fleet under the Duke of Buckingham. After the failure of the expedition of this fleet to relieve the French Protestants of La Rochelle, Winthrop spent the ne.xt fourteen or fifteen months in European travel, visiting, during that time, Italy, especially Padua and Venice, Constanti- nople and Holland. He followed his father, Governor John Winthrop, to this country in 1631 and shortly thereafter was made an assistant in the Mass- achusetts Colony. A year later he led a com- pany of twelve to Agavvam (now Ipswich), where a settlement was made. There he was brought into contact with Giles Firmin (q.v.). In about a year he re- turned to England and received a commission to be governor of the river Connecticut, for one year. On coming back to America he built a fort at Saybrook, Connecticut, and lived there part of that- time. Then making no effort to have the commission renewed, he returned to Ipswich and became one of the prudential men of the town. Subsequently, he moved to Salem, established some salt works, made an- other trip to England, and finally, receiving Fisher's Island as a grant from the general court of Massachusetts, went there in the fait of 1646. This grant was, subsequently, con-
