HUBBARD 573 HUBBELL of chemistry, pharmacy, mineralogy and geol- ogy at Dartmouth, and held this chair until 1866. Then until 1871 he lectured on these subjects and finally again became connected with the faculty of that college as professor of chemistry and pharmacy. He continued in this position until 1883, when he was made professor emeritus. During 1863-4 he was a member of the New Hampshire legislature. He also served as one of the overseers of the Thayer School of Civil Engineering at Dart- mouth and was one of the secretaries of the American Association of Geologists and Nat- uralists in 1844. In 1837 he received the de- gree of M. D. from the South Carolina Med- ical College and in 1861 that of LL. D. from .Hainilton. He contributed a number of papers to the American Journal of Science and wrote an interesting book entitled "A History of Dartmouth Medical College and Dr. Nathan Smith, its Founder," in 1880, Concord, New Hampshire, and Washington, D. C He died in New York City, March 9, 1900. Walter R. Steiner. Hubbard, Thoma. (1776-1838). Thomas Hubbard was born in Smithfield, Rhode Island, in 1776. When he was about sixteen years old, owing to the death of his father, an inn keeper, he was obliged to look after the inn for some years, in order to sup- port his mother and her family. Later he studied medicine under Dr. Albigense Waldo (q. V.) and settled at. Pomfret, Connecticut, where he spent thirty-four years in the prac- tice of medicine. During that period he be- came very eminent in his profession and had many young men who received their train- ing as doctors under him. He rode with them all over the surrounding country so that when- ever the clatter of their horses' hoofs was heard, the country people used to say: "There goes Hubbard and his hounds." During this period he was several times chosen a repre- sentative in the assembly and once a senator. In 1822 he was elected president of the Con- necticut Medical Society, serving until 1827. Two years later he accepted the professorship of surgery at Yale and performed this duty there very acceptably for nine years, until his death at New Haven, June 16, 1838. In 1809 he received the honorary degree of M.D. from the Connecticut Medical Society. With a remarkably retentive memory, filled with knowledge obtained from his extensive prac- tice and from wide reading, his lectures at Yale were highly instructive and delivered in a plain and straightforward manner. Walter R. Steiner. Hubbell, Alvin Allace (1846-1911). Alvin Allace Hubbell, Buffalo ophthalmo- logist, was born May 1, 1846, at Conewango, New York, the son of Schuyler Philip and Hepzibah Farnsworth Hubbell. He studied medicine at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and at the University of Buffalo, receiving his de- gree from the latter institution in 1876. In 1896 he received the honorary degree of Ph. D. from Niagara University. For a time he practised general medicine and surgery, and, in fact, performed in 1878 the operation of laparotomy for intestinal in- tussusception for the fourth time in the United States. In 1883 he decided to limit his practice to ophthalmology and otology, and soon was known throughout the United States as an expert in these specialties. He became oph- thalmic surgeon to the Riverside Hospital, the Buffalo Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, the Erie County Hospital (of which he was one of the founders), and of the Charity Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Erie County, of which also he was one of the founders and directors. He was one of the founders of the Medical Department of Niagara University, in which he became professor of ophthal- mology and otology and secretary to the faculty. In 1898 he accepted the chair of clini- cal ophthalmology in the University of Buffalo, a position which he held until 1911, when he was made professor emeritus. He was a member of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, the Buffalo Medical Union, the Buffalo Ophthalmological Society, the Erie County Medical Society, the Medical Associa- tion of Central New York (of which he was president in 1892). He held membership in the Medical Society of the State of New York (of which he was president in 1902), the New York Academy of Medicine, the American Medical Association (of whose sec- tion on ophthalmology he was chairman, 1908-1909), the American Ophthalmological Society, the Pan-American Medical Con- gress, the Eighth International Ophthalmologi- cal Congress, held at Edinburgh in 1894, and of the Ninth, held at Utrecht, in 1899. He was also a member of numerous historical and lit- erary societies. Dr. Hubbell invented a nuinber of instru- ments and appliances, the most important of which, perhaps, is an improved electro-mag- net for the extraction of attractable bodies froiTi the interior of the eye. In addition to numerous Journal articles
