JAYNE 619 JEFFRIES Jay was well known in the scientific world as a specialist in conchology. His wonderful collection of shells, for many years the most noted in the United States, is now owned by the American Museum of Natural History, and is known as the Jay Collection. These shells were gathered during the expedition to Japan under the command of Commodore Matthew C. Perrj'. They were submitted to Dr. Jay, who wrote articles on them which appeared in the government reports. He was also the author of "A Catalogue of Recent Shells," published in 1835 ; "Description of New and Rare Shells" (1836), and of later editions of his "Catalogue," in which he enum- erated about 11,000 well-marked varieties and about 7,000 well-established species. Dr. Jay was for many years a trustee of Columbia College and for ten years a trustee of the College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was actively interested in founding the Lyceum of Natural History, now the New York Academy of Sciences, and was its treas- urer from 1836 to 1843. One son, Dr. John C. Jay, Jr., and four daughters survived him. Med. Record, New York, 1892-3, vol. xxx. Appleton's Cyclop. Amer. Biog., N. Y., 1887. Jayne, Horace Fort (1859-1913) Horace Fort Jayne, anatomist and entomolo- gist, son of Dr. David Jayne (1799-1866) and Hannah Fort, was born in Philadelphia, March 17, 1859. His father was connected with the drug business and grew wealthy in the manufacture of medicines. David Jayne was said to have been the first to publish al- manacs as a means of advertising. Horace graduated in arts at the University of Penn- sylvania in 1879, and in medicine in 1882, lead- ing his class and taking the thesis prize, and dividing the anomaly and anatomical prizes with Howard A. Kelly. In 1893 he received a Ph. D. (hon.) from Franklin and Marshall College. In 1882 he was assistant instructor in biology in the University, and went abroad to study under Haeckel at Jena, and at the University of Leipsic. In 1883 he studied at Johns Hopkins, and in 1884 was made profes- sor of vertebrate morphology in the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, becoming professor of biology in 1888. He was dean of the college (1889-1894), and dean of the faculty of phil- osophy (1892-1894). He resigned his college professorship in 1895, having assumed direc- torship of the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology in 1894. A working staff was organized and extensive valuable collections were made. In 1898 he published a text book on comparative anatomy, using the domestic cat as a type. In 1904 Jayne resigned his directorship and traveled for three years. In 1907 he again be- came a member of the institute staff and was interested in bringing the five American ana- tomical journals under the roof of the Wistar Institute as responsible for their publication. In 1909 he resigned, following the death of his wife. He was long time a warm friend of Dr. George H. Horn (q. v.), who stimulated his interest in Coleoptera. He was a member of the American Philosophical Society, Associa- tion of American Anatomists, Academy of Natural Sciences, Society of American Natur- alists, American Entomological Society, and other scientific organizations. He wrote : "A Revision of the Dermestidae of North America ;" "Abnormities Observed in North American Coleoptera ;" and "Origin of the Fittest." In 1894 he married Caroline Augusta Fur- ness, daughter of Dr. Horace Howard Fur- ness. The issue was Kate Furness and Horace Howard Furness. Dr. Jayne died at Walling- ford, near Philadelphia, July 8, 1913. H. LaBarre Jayne. Jeffries, Benjamin Joy (1833-1915) Benjamin Joy Jeffries, a well-known Boston ophthalmologist, the first to direct attention emphatically to the dangers of color-blindness, as, for example, in the railway service, was born in Boston, Mass., March 26, 1833. He came of old New England ancestr)', obtained his early education at the Boston Latin School and at Harvard University, at the latter in- stitution receiving the degree of A. B. in 1854 and M. D. in 1857. The next two years, which were spent in Europe, chiefly at Vienna, were devoted to the study of ophthalmology and dermatology. The teachers who mostly influ- enced him were von Arlt and Hebra. Returning to America, he settled in his na- tive city, as a specialist on diseases of the eye and skin, in which unusual combination of branches he continued for several years. To- gether with Dr. Francis P. Sprague, he opened a free dispensary for the treatment of diseases of the eye and skin in Eliot Street. He was also ophthalmic surgeon to the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary from 1866 to 1902 — more than thirty-six years. He was a member of the New England Ophthalmo- logical Society, of the American Ophthalmo- logical Society, of the Boston Society for Medical Observation, and of the American
