KINLOCH 662 KINNICUTT and Edinburgh. Returning home he began to practise in his native city, but when the war broke out entered the Confederate ranks as surgeon. During his miUtary career he served at various times upon the staffs of Generals Lee, Pemberton and Beauregard and was also detailed as a member of the medical examining board at Norfolk, at Rich- mond, and at Charleston. Subsequently he held the position of inspector of hospitals for South CaroUna, Georgia and Florida, Upon the close of the war he resumed prac- tice in Charleston; and in 1866 was elected to the chair of materia medica in the Medical College of the State of South Carolina. Three years later, in 1869, he was transferred to the chair of the principles and practice of sur- gery, and subsequently to that of clinical sur- gery, which he occupied at the time of his death. In 1888 he was elected dean of the faculty and continued to serve until he died. He was a member of the Medical Society of South Carolina, the American surgical As- sociation, and associate fellow of the Phila- delphia College of Physicians. For a short time he served as editor of the Charleston Medical Journal, in which he pub- lished many of his medical contributions. Kinloch's chief title to distinction rests upon his work as a surgeon. From the beginning of his career he was self-reliant, bold, and de- termined, possessed of a rare skill in execu- tion and perfect poise in the face of unfore- seen emergencies, qualities which compelled the success of later life. On one occasion when quite a young man he was called upon to remove the inferior maxilla of a patient. It was customary to request some older man to share the responsibility and in this instance Dr. John Bellinger (q. v.) was invited. After waiting an hour for Dr. Bellinger, Dr. Kinloch remarked, "Well, gentlemen, we will proceed with the operation." His surprised friends exclaimed, "What! without Dr. Bellinger?" "Yes," replied Dr. Kinloch, "I came to do this operation and I propose to do it." He was the first in the United States to resect the knee-joint for chronic disease, his operation preceding that of Dr. Gross by three or four months and also the first to treat fractures of the lower jaw and other bones by wiring the fragments, and among the first to perform a laparotomy for gunshot wounds of the abdomen without protrusion of the viscera. In this case thirteen perforations were sutured, one being overlooked and dis- covered after death. As a professor and as dean Dr. Kinloch strove to elevate the standards of medical edu- cation and chafed under restriction which he could not overcome. "The standard of the College could and should be elevated. It is painful for me to make such an announce- ment. It is more painful for me to say that I am powerless to improve the situation," was what he once said. Dr. Kinloch married Elizabeth Caldwell, of Fairfield County, South Carolina, in 1856, and had four daughters and four sons, of whom two, George and Edward Jenner, studied med- icine. He died of pneumonia following an attack of la grippe on December 23, 1891. Robert Wilson, Jr. N. Y. Med. Rec, 1892, vol. xli. Trans. Amer. Surg. Asso., Phila., 1S92, vol. x. C. H. Mastm. Portrait in the Raper Hosp. at Charleston. Kinnicutt, Francis Parker (1846-1913) Francis Parker Kinnicutt, physician, practi- tioner and teacher of medicine for more than forty years, was born on July 13, 1846, in Worcester, Massachusetts, son of Francis Harrison and Elizabeth Waldo Parker Kinni- cutt. His father's family traces its origin to Roger Kinnicutt, who came to this country about 1635. His mother's family on the male side goes back to Captain James Parker, who came over about 1635 and was one of the original proprietors of the Groton Plantation, Massachusetts, a land grant by King James 1, which was later confirmed by King Charles I through the Governor and Company of Massachusetts Bay. On the female side his grandmother was a Lincoln, his great-grand- mother a Waldo, and his great-great-grand- mother a Salisbury. As a boy Dr. Kinnicutt studied in private schools in Worcester and there prepared for college, entered Harvard with the Class of 1868, and received the degree of A. B. with his class in 1868, and the degree of A. M. in 1872. At Harvard he was a member of the Institute of 1770, the Delta Kappa Epsilon and Alpha Delta Phi fraternities, and of the Hasty Pud- ding Club, of which he was the treasurer. He was a member of a club table which kept to- gether through the four years at college and all the members again dined together on their fortieth reunion at commencement in Cam- bridge in 1908. After graduation Doctor Kinnicutt came to New York and began the study of medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons and was granted the degree of M. D. in 1871. He served as resident interne on the staflf of Bellevue Hospital, and in 1872 he went abroad to continue the study of medicine in Vienna,
