MANIGAULT 758 MANN MacNider of the Medical Faculty of the Uni- versity of North Carolina. Howard A. Keu-Y. Personal communication from Dr. MacNider North Carolina Medical Journal (R. H. White- head), 1893, vol. xxxii, p. 13. Manigault, Gabriel Edward (1833-1899) Gabriel Edward Manigault, physician and biologist, was born in Charleston, South Carolina, of Huguenot ancestry, January 3. 1833. being the son of Charles Manigault and Elizabeth Heyward ManigauU, daughter of Nathaniel Heyward. As an infant he was taken to Paris, France, and again at thirteen years of age. There he finished two classes in the College 'Bourbon. He was a pupil at the famous Coates school in his native city and afterwards entered the College of Charles- ton, from which he graduated with honors in 1852. In 1854 he received his degree in medi- cine at the Medical College of the State of South Carolina, and after his graduation re- turned to Paris to continue his medical stud- ies. There he became interested in natural history and decided to devote his life to its pursuits. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War Dr. Manigault volunteered his services and was made adjutant of the Fourth Regiment un- der Col. Rutledge. After the war he returned home and in 1873 was elected curator of the Charleston Museum to succeed Prof. John McCrady, in which position he spent the re- mainder of his life laboring for the advance- ment of science. He was also a devoted stu- dent of art, and his collection contained many valuable works. He was president of the South Carolina Art Association. Dr. Mani- gault's skill was especially displayed in the development of osteology and the exception- ally fine osteological collection in the Charles- ton Museum is the result of his efforts. He gave public lectures on osteology. He was an active worker in the Elliott Society of Science and Art and it is worthy of note that he was the first to suggest to General Ed- ward McCrady the importance of writing a history of South Carolina. He died September IS, 1899, in Charleston, South Carolina. Information from Dr. Robert Wilson Jr. Anpleton's Cvclop. Amer. Biog., N. Y., lSb7. Herringshaw's Library of Amer. Biog., vol. iv. 28. Mann, Edward Cox (1850-1908) Edward Cox Mann, alienist, was born in Braintree, Massachusetts, April 21, 1850. His father, Cyrus Sweetser Mann (1820-1914), son of the Rev. Cyrus Mann (1785-1859), was born in Worcester County, Massachusetts, was a student at Dartmouth College in 1837-8 and in 1843 received his M. D. at Harvard Uni- versity; in 1858 he was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature, and in 1863 he was in Louisiana as a surgeon of the 31st Massa- chusetts Volunteers ; he settled in 1868 in Brooklyn, N. Y., and was sanitary inspector connected with the Board of Health, and also practised. He married Harriet Field. Edward C. Mann was educated by private tutors, and studied medicine with his father at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and at Long Island Hospital Medi- cal College, graduating at the latter in 1870; then he settled to practise in Brooklyn and New York City, specializing in nervous and mental diseases. He was medical superintendent of what is now Wards Island State Hospital; later he conducted a private asylum, "Sunnyside." He was a member of the New York Medico-Legal Society; the American Association for the Cure of Inebriates ; the American Archaeologi- cal Society; and president of the New York Academy of Anthropology. His publications include "Manual of Psycho- logical Medicine" (1883) ; "Psychological As- pect of the Guiteau Case" (1882) ; "A Treatise on Medical Jurisprudence of In- sanity" (1893). He contributed largely to medical and psychological journals. In 1870 Dr. Mann married Barbara Busteed of New York. They had two sons and one daughter. He moved to Massachusetts af- ter he retired, and died there in January of 1908. Howard A. Kelly. Information from Dr. William Browning. History of the Countv of Kings. H. R. Stiles, M.D., New Yorl<, 1884. Mann, James (1759-1832) This army surgeon, who served three years in the Revolution and another three years in the War of 1812, thirty years later, and wrote most interestingly of military medical problems, was born in Wrentham, Massachu- setts, July 22, 1759. After graduating in arts from Harvard College in 1776, in the same class with Aaron Dexter (q. v.), he became a pupil in medicine, as was the custom of the day, with Dr. Samuel Danforth (q. v.), a lead- ing practitioner of Boston, and at the age of twenty became a surgeon to Colonel Shepard's 4th Massachusetts Regiment. July 1, 1779. He was reported a prisoner of war in June, 1781, and was imprisoned on Long Island in July and August of that year. Because of failing health he resigned from the service April 14,
