Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/131

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gebürn, OHG. giburien, wk. vb., ‘to occur, happen, fall to one's lot, devolve on by law, be due’; corresponding to OSax. giburian, AS. gebyrian, OIc. byrja, ‘to be suitable, becoming, fit’; Goth. *gabaúrjan, wk. vb., may be inferred from gabaurjaba, adv., ‘willingly’ (lit. ‘in a fitting manner’?), and gabaurjôþus, m., ‘pleasure.’ The whole class is probably connected with the root ber ‘to carry’; comp. LG. bühren, ‘to raise aloft,’ see empor; hence OHG. buri dik, ‘go (thou)’, lit. ‘raise thyself,’ giburita, ‘pervenit’; burien, büren, also ‘to come to pass.’ See Bahre, Börde.

Geburt, f., from the equiv. MidHG. geburt, OHG. giburt, f., ‘birth.’ Comp. Goth. gabaurpþs, f., ‘birth,’ also ‘lineage, native town,’ OSax. giburd, f., AS. gebyrd, f., ‘birth, rank, dignity,’ E. birth, OIc. burþr, m., ‘birth, embryo’; in form it points to Aryan and Sans. bhṛtí-s, and both in form and meaning it corresponds to OIr. brith, ‘birth’; Sans. bhṛtí-s, f., ‘bearing, nursing, maintenance’ With the simple Teut. beran, ‘to give birth to,’ is connected an OTeut. neut. subst. barna-, ‘child’ (lit. ‘that which is born’), formed from the old no-partic. Comp. OIc. barn, AS. bearn, OSax., OHG., and MHG. barn, ‘child, son.’

Geck, m., ‘fool, fop, buffoon,’ orig. MidG. (and LG.), in which gëc, gëcke, m., ‘silly fellow, fool, droll fellow,’ occurs even in the MidHG. period; not allied to MidHG. giege, ‘fool,’ mentioned under gaufeln. Comp. Du. gek, m., Dan. gjœk, ‘fool,’ Ic. gikkr, ‘crafty, coarse person.’

Gedächtnis, n., ‘memory, recollection, memorial,’ allied to gedenken, denken.—

Gedanke, m., ‘thought, idea,’ from MidHG. gedanc(k), OHG. gedank, m., OSax. githanko, m., ‘thought,’ AS. geþonc; allied to denken.

gedeihen, vb., ‘to thrive, prosper,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gedîhen, OHG. gidîhan, str. vb.; Goth. gaþeilan, AS. geþeón (contracted from geþîhan), ‘to thrive’; the old AS. form points to the fact that the verbal stem was orig. nasalised; ñ before h is everywhere suppressed in Teut., thus þîhan for þiñhan. The corresponding factitive *þhangjan remained in OSax., where thengian means ‘to complete’; on the suppression of the nasal the e gradation passed into the î gradation in Goth. an HG. The simple form þeihan, ‘to thrive,’ is still known in Goth. On account of its meaning, gedeihen (root þenh, pre-Teut. tenk, tek, in Lith. tenkù, -tèkti, ‘I have enough,’ as

well as in Ir. tocad, W. tynged, ‘fortune,’ from the prim. form tongeto-) cannot be be connected with the root τεκ in τέκνον (see Degen).—

gediegen, adj., ‘solid, pure, concise, pithy,’ from MidHG. gedigen, adj., ‘adult, firm, hard, clear, pure,’ OHG. gidigan, adj., ‘aged, advanced in years, earnest, pure, chaste’; prop. a partic. of gidihan (g by a grammatical change is the necessary form of h in the partic.); AS. preserves the older participial form of the e-gradation, geþungen, ‘complete,’ so too OSax. thungan.

Geduld, f., ‘patience, forbearance,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gedult, OHG. gedult, f.; allied to dulden.

gedunſen, adj., ‘bloated, puffed up,’ partic. of a lost str. vb. which is retained in ModHG. dialects (Hess. dinsen, ‘to draw ‘); comp. MidHG. dinsen, ‘to draw, tear, extend,’ OHG. dinsan; also Goth. *þinsan, atþinsan, ‘to draw.’ The Teut. root þens, pre-Teut. tens, corresponds to the Sans. root tans, ‘to draw,’ Lith. tęsti, ‘to draw, stretch.’ The root tens seems an extension of the root ten appearing in dehnen.

Gefahr, f., ‘danger, risk, jeopardy,’ ModHG. only, for MidHG. vâre, OHG. fâra, f., ‘ambush, deceit, hazard, danger’; AS. fœ̂r, f., ‘ambush, unforeseen danger, fright,’ E. fear, OSax. fâr, ‘ambush’; Goth. *fêra, ‘ambush,’ follows from férja, m., ‘waylayer.’ Scand. fâr, n., has a somewhat different meaning, ‘misfortune, distemper.’ Allied to the root fē̆́r, Aryan pē̆́r, which in Lat. periculum, Gr. πεῖρα, ‘trial, cunning, deception,’ furnishes cognate meanings.

Gefährte, m, ‘companion, partner, mate,’ from MidHG. gevęrte, OHG. gifęrto (*gafartjo), ‘escort,’ lit. ‘fellow-traveller'; allied to Fahrt.

gefallen, vb., ‘to suit, please,’ from MidHG. gevallen, OHG. gifallan, str. vb. ‘to happen, fall to one's lot, please,’ in MidHG. always with the complement ‘wohl’ (well) or ‘übel’ (ill); probably an expression derived from the OTeut. warlike custom of dividing booty (comp. Hund) by means of dice; es gefällt mir wohl, ‘I am well pleased with it,’ lit. das Los fällt gut für mich, ‘that was a lucky throw for me’ (a similar history is also connected with ModHG. ſchenken, which furnishes evidence respecting the Teut. drinking customs). Note too that in ModHG. terms relating to card-playing have been similarly used,