Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/134

---

Gr. χλω-ρός, χλᾶ-ρός, ‘green, yellow,’ χλόη, ‘green objects,’ OSlov. zelenŭ, ‘yellow, green,’ Lith. żálias, ‘green’ (żėlti, ‘to grow green’), Sans. hari, ‘yellowish.’ Akin also to Galle and Gold.

Geld, n., ‘money, coin, cash,’ from MidHG. and OHG. gëlt (t; the d first occurs in ModHG.), n., m., ‘recompense, compensation, revenue, income, paying, payment, money,’ Du. geld, ‘money.’ ‘Means for paying, coin,’ is the latest sense of the words quoted (comp. Goth. gild, ‘tax, interest’); it is wanting in the corresponding words of the other dialects; in Goth. the term is faihu (see Vieh), and skatts (see Schatz), AS. feoh, E. money. On the other hand, AS. gild signifies ‘recompense, compensation, sacrifice.’ See gelten.

gelegen, adj., ‘situated, opportune, seasonable,’ and adv.; from MidHG. gelëgen, adj., ‘neighbouring, at hand, suitable,’ OHG. gilëgan, ‘nearest, related’; partic. of giligan, MidHG. geligen. —

Gelegenheit, f., ‘opportunity, occasion,’ from MidHG. gelëgenheit, ‘situation of an affair, condition or nature of things.’ —

gelegentlich, adj., ‘occasional, incidental’ (and adv.), from MidHG. gelëgenlich, with an inserted t.

Gelenk, n., ‘joint, articulation, wrist, link,’ from MidHG. gelęnke, n., ‘waist, bend, bow,’ akin to ModHG. gelenk, gelenkig, adj. formed from MidHG. gelęnke, ‘pliant, skilful’ (see lenken). While the MidHG. gelenke, as a collective of MidHG. lanke, signifies the ‘pliable narrow part of the body between the hips and breast,’ and hence, as it were, the joint of the entire body, the word in ModHG. is applied to each limb; akin to OHG. lancha, hlancha, ‘hip, loins’ (whence also the Romance cognates — Ital. fianco, from which ModHG. Flanke is borrowed), likewise OIc. hlekkr, ‘link of a chain.’

Gelichter, n., ‘likeness, cast, stamp,’ lit. ‘class of people of like manners’; in this sense glihter and its derivatives occur even in late MidHG. (MidG.); derived from MidHG. gelich, gleich (see the latter). Yet the UpG. form glifter points to a blending with another word, Goth. *gahliftrja, ‘thief's accomplice’ (akin to Goth. hlifan, ‘to steal,’ primit. allied to Gr. κλέπτω). For HG. ft, equiv. to LG. ht, see sacht, ruchbar, Gerücht.

gelingen, vb., ‘to prove succeesful, from MidHG. gelingen, OHG. gilingan, str. vb., ‘to be successful, proper’; MidHG.

also lingen, ‘to proper, advance, get on.’ Allied to AS. lungre, ‘quickly,’ from pre-Teut. lughró-, to which the equiv. Gr. ἐλαφρός also points; the Aryan root lengh (lngh) appears also in Sans. lañgh, ram̃h, to spring, get on.’ See leicht.

gellen, vb., ‘to yell,’ from MidHG. gëllen, OHG. gëllan, str. vb., ‘to sound loud, cry’; corresponding to Du. gillen, AS. gillan, OIc. gjalla, ‘to resound’; allied to the Teut. root gel, gal, ‘to resound.’ Comp. Nachtigall.

geloben, vb. ‘to promise, vow,’ from the equiv. MidHG. geloben, OHG. gilobôn (akin to loben); lit. ‘to assent, applaud.’

gelt (1.), particle. See gelten.

gelt (2.), adj., ‘giving no milk, barren,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. galt; corresponding to OIc. geldr, OSwed. galder, which have the same sense. They are connected perhaps with OHG. galza, MidHG. galze, OIc. gǫltr, ‘gelded pig’ (E. dial., gilt, ilt). The stem on which it is based, gald, galt (from pre-Teut. ghalt, ghaltn-), perhaps meant orig. ‘to castrate’; comp. E. to geld, OIc. gelda, ‘to geld’; akin to Goth. gilþa, ‘sickle’?.

Gelte, f., ‘pail, bucket, vessel,’ from MidHG. gęlte, OHG. gęllita, f., ‘vessel for liquids’; adopted in the OHG. period from MidLat. galêta, with which are also connected the Romance cognates — Fr. jale, ‘pail,’ Ital. galea, galeotta, Fr. galiasse, galion, applied to different kinds of ships. The ultimate source of the cognates is obscure.

gelten, vb., ‘to be worth, pass current, prove effectual,’ from MidHG. gëlten, OHG. gëltan, str. vb., ‘to repay, pay, cost, be worth, requite, compensate’; comp. Goth. us-, fra-gildan, ‘to requite’ (akin to Goth. gild and gilstr, n., ‘tax’), OIc. gjalda (OSwed., also gialla, from Teut. gelþan), ‘to pay,’ AS. gildan, E. to yield, Du. gelden, ‘to be worth, cost,’ OSax. geldan. The common Teut. stem gelþ, the þ of which is proved by OSwed. from pre-Teut. ghel-t, points to the fact that OSlov. žlědą, ‘I pay, atone for,’ was borrowed. The prim. meaning of the Teut. cognates is ‘to make good, pay over something’; it seems to be specially applied to religious sacrifices; comp. AS. gild, OSax. gëld, ‘sacrifice’ (akin to Gr. τέλθος, ‘duty’?). See Geld, Gilde. — The particle gelt, which first occurs in early ModHG., is properly the subj. pres. of the vb. gelten.

Gelze, f., ‘gelded sow,’ from the equiv.