Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/196

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nâvis, Gr. ναῦς, Ind. nâus; comp. Nachen. With the Gr. word, Sans. gôlâ, gôlam, ‘cone-shaped pitcher’ (Sans. ô for au), has also been compared; hence a similar signification might be assigned to the orig. Teut. word. Comp. Kahn.

Kieme, f., ‘gill (of a fish),’ ModHG. simply, from the equiv. LG. kîm; allied to OHG. chiela, chêla, as well as AS. cîan, ceón, with the same meaning. Since the forms corresponding exactly in sound with Kieme are wanting in the earlier periods, its origin is uncertain; some have connected it with kauen, root kiw (Aryan giw).

Kien, m., ‘resinous wood,’ from MidHG. kien, n. and m., OHG. chien, ‘resinous wood, pine chips, pine torch’; comp. AS. *kên, cên, m., ‘torch pine.’ Goth. *kêns or *kizns (comp. Miete from Goth. mizdô) is wanting; further references cannot be found. Comp. also Kiefer.

Kiepe, f., ‘wicker basket,’ ModHG. only, from LG.; comp. Du. kiepekorf, m., ‘wicker basket, basket for the back,’ MidDu. also cûpe, AS. cŷpa, E. dial. kipe, ‘basket’; Goth. *kûpjô or *kiupô is wanting. Whether these terms are borrowed, or rather developed, from MidLat. cûpa, ‘tun,’ and also ‘measure of corn’ (comp. Kufe), cannot be decided.

Kies, m., ‘gravel,’ from the equiv. MidHG. kis, m.; Kiesel, ‘pebble,’ from MidHG. kisel, m., ‘flint-stone, hailstone, large hailstone’; OHG. chisil, AS. čeosel, MidE. chisel, ‘pebble.’ Goth. *kisuls, m., is wanting; this would be a derivative of *kisa-, on which MidHG. kis and ModHG. Kies is probably based. Du. kei and kiezel points to kī̆ as the stem.

kiesen, vb., ‘to select,’ from MidHG. kiesen, OHG. chiosan, ‘to test, try, taste for the purpose of testing, test by tasting, select after strict examination.’ Goth. kiusan, AS. ceósan, E. to choose. Teut. root kus (with the change of s into r, kur in the partic. erkoren, see also Kur, ‘choice’), from pre-Teut. gus, in Lat. gus-tus, gus-tare, Gr. γεύω for γεύσω, Ind. root juš, ‘to select, be fond of.’ Teut. kausjun passed as kusiti into Slav.

Kieze, f., ‘small basket,’ ModHG. simply, in MidHG. kœ̂tze, f., ‘basket, basket for the back.’ Origin obscure.

Kilt, Kiltgang, in Alem. ‘nocturnal meeting’; wanting in MidHG. Comp. OHG. chwiltiwërch, n., ‘evening work’; OIc. kveld, n., ‘evening’ (in Iceland and

Norway the usual word for evening, while aptann is used poetically and in stately prose). AS. cwyldhreþe, f., ‘bat,’ lit. ‘evening swiftness,’ cwyldsęten, ‘evening.’ Hence qeldos, n., is the oldest word for ‘evening.’ The loss of the w after k is normal; comp. feck, Rot, and Röder.

Kind, n., ‘child,’ from the equiv. MidHG. kint (gen. kindes), n., OHG. chind, n., ‘child’; corresponding to OSax. kind, n., ‘child’; wanting in Goth., Scand., and E., but a Goth. *kinþa- may be assumed, whence OSlov. čędo, ‘child,’ is borrowed. In OIc. a form kundr, m., ‘son,’ allied by gradation occurs, and with this an adj. suffix kunds, ‘descended from,’ may be most closely connected, Goth. himinakunds, ‘heavenly,’ qinakunds, ‘female,’ AS. feorrancund, ‘having a distant origin.’ This suffix is an old partic. in to (comp. alt, falt, laut, traut, Gott), from a root kun, ken, kan, which has numerous derivatives both in the Teut. and non-Teut. languages. The root signifies ‘to give birth to, beget’; comp. König and also Goth. kuni, OHG. chunni, MidHG. künne, n., ‘race’ (Goth. qêns, ‘woman,’ E. queen, are, however, unconnected). So too AS. cęnnan, ‘to give birth to, beget.’ Teut. ken, Aryan gen, has representatives in Gr. γένος, n., γί-γνομαι, γυνή, in Lat. genus, gigno, gens, in OSlov. žena, ‘wife’ (Pruss. gena, ‘wife’), in Lith. gentis, ‘relative,’ and in the Sans. root jan, ‘to generate,’ jánas, n., ‘race,’ janús, n., ‘birth, creature, race,’ janî, f., ‘woman,’ jantú, m., ‘child, being, tribe,’ jâtá, ‘son’ (the latter is most nearly connected with Teut. Kind).

Kinn, n., ‘chin,’ from the equiv. MidHG. kin, kinne, OHG. chinni, n. (also ‘jaw’). The older meaning, ‘cheek’ (Goth. kinnus, f., ‘cheek’), has been preserved in Kinnbein, ‘cheek-bone,’ in OHG. chinnizan, MidHG. kinnezan, ‘molar tooth,’ OHG. kinnibaccho, ‘jawbone’; comp. AS. čin, E. chin, AS. činbân, E. chin-bone, ModDu. kin, f., ‘chin’; OIc. kinn, ‘cheek.’ Comp. Gr. γένυς, f., ‘chin, jaw, jawbone,’ also ‘edge of an axe, axe,’ γένειον, n., ‘chin, jaw,’ γενείας, f., ‘chin, beard’; Lat. gena, ‘cheek,’ dentes genuini, ‘molar teeth’; Ir. gin, ‘mouth’; Sans. hánu-s, f., ‘jaw,’ hanavýa, ‘jawbone.’ Hence the meaning varies considerably between cheek, jaw, chin; the prim. sense of the root gen in this term cannot be ascertained. On account of the Gr. meaning ‘axe’ some deduce the word from a root gen, ‘to cut to pieces.’