Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/260

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comp. OIc. minne, n., ‘remembrance, recollection, toast.’ E. mind, from AS. mynd, is also connected with the same root man, men; comp. Goth. muns, ‘meaning.’ These belong to the common Aryan and also Teut. root men, man, ‘to think’; comp. Gr. μένος, ‘temper, disposition,’ μιμνήσκω, ‘I remember,’ Lat. memini, reminiscor, mens, moneo, Sans. root man, ‘to opine, believe, think of, purpose’; comp. mahnen and Mann.

Minze, f., from the equiv. MidHG. minze, OHG. minza, f., ‘mint’; comp. AS. minte, f., E. mint; borrowed previous to the HG. permutation of consonants from the equiv. Lat. mentha, menta (Gr. μίνθα), at the same period as the other terms relating to horticulture and the art of cookery; see Pfeffer. The variants, OHG. munza, MidHG. münze, ModHG. Münze, have a remarkable form, and cannot be explained by the Lat. word; comp. Pfeffermünz.

mis, miß, ‘mis-, dis-, amiss, wrong,’ in compounds; from MidHG. misse-, OHG. missa-, missi-, which express the perversity or failure of an action; comp. Goth. missadêþs (OHG. missitât, MidHG. and ModHG. missetât), ‘sin,’ missataujands, ‘sinner,’ Goth. missa-, for *miþtó- (lit. ‘lost’), is an old to- partic. from the root miþ (see meiden); comp. OIr. mí, ‘amiss.’ Hence the derivative missen.

mischen, vb., from the equiv. MidHG. and MidLG. mischen, OHG. misken, ‘to mix’; comp. AS. miscian, E. to mix. In the other OTeut. languages a corresponding vb. is wanting. The agreement with Lat. misceo (miscere), ‘to mix,’ is evident. The only question is whether the word was primit. allied or was borrowed; that is difficult to determine, since, judging by sound and sense, both are possible. The assumption that the word was borrowed is supported by the loan-words relating to the Ital. culture of the vine, which are quoted under Most. On the other hand, the Rom. languages have instead of miscere a derivative misculare (Fr. méler, equiv. to OHG. misculôn, Suab. mište); yet comp. Ital. mescere. On the supposition that the word was primitively allied, which is supported by Meisch, we should have to compare, in addition to the Lat. term, Gr. μίσγω (σγ equiv. to Teut. sk?), μίγνυμι, the Sans. root miç in miçrá-s, ‘mixed,’ OSlov. měsiti, ‘to mix,’ Lith. mìsti, ‘to mingle’ (maísz-tas,

‘riot’). Hence Lat. misceo, and, if mischen is primit. allied to it, OTeut. miskja represent a pre-historic mik-skejo (with sk as a suffix of the pres. stem, like forschen for pre-historic *forhskôn; comp. waschen and wünschen). Comp. Meisch.

Mispel, f., from the equiv. MidHG. mispel, with the variants mespel, nespel, f. OHG. mespila, f., ‘medlar,’ with the variant nespila. From MidLat. mespila, whence also, with the change of the initial m into n., the corresponding Rom. cognates (Ital. nespola, Fr. nèfle). The ultimate source is Gr. μέσπιλον, ‘medlar.’

missen, vb., ‘to be without, do without,’ from MidHG. and OHG. missen, ‘to miss’; comp. AS. missan, E. to miss, and the equiv. OIc. missa; Goth. *missjan is wanting. It is clearly connected with West Teut. mîþan, ‘to avoid,’ which is related to an old partic. missa- (for *miþta- with -tó-), meaning ‘avoided, frustrated’; comp. meiden and miß.

Mist, m., ‘excrement, dung,’ from MidHG. and OHG. mist, m., ‘mud, manure, dunghill’; it represents *mihst, like OHG. forskôn, ‘to demand,’ for *forhskôn; see mischen. Goth. maíhstus, m., ‘excrement,’ AS. meoz (for *meoxt?), ‘excrement,’ MidE. mix, obsolete in E.; the derivative AS., MidE., and E. mixen, ‘dunghill,’ has been preserved, and appears in OHG. as mistunnea, mistina, f., and also in Franc. as misten, ‘dunghill.’ Since stu in Goth. maihstus is a suffix, HG. Mist is connected with Lith. měz-ti, ‘to dung,’ mėżlaì, ‘excrement,’ or with the Aryan root mī̆gh, ‘to make water,’ which has been retained in LG. as mîgen; comp. AS. mîgan, OIc. míga, ‘to make water.’ This latter verbal stem is found in the non-Teut. languages; comp. the Sans. root mih, Lat. mingere, Gr. ὀμιχεῖν, with the same sense; Lat. mêjo and Lith. mężu, ‘mingo,’ also belong to the same Aryan root mī̆gh. Since ὀμίχλη, ὁμίχλη, OSlov. mĭgla, Lith. miglà, ‘mist,’ are also allied to Gr. ὀμιχεῖν, ‘to make water,’ the following have also been connected with Mist, AS. and E. mist, LG. and Du. mist, ‘mist,’ Ic. mistr, ‘misty air’; Sans. méghá, ‘cloud,’ míh, ‘rain, mist,’ belong also to the root mih, which in OInd. means both ‘to make water’ and ‘raining, gushing forth.’

Mistel, f., from the equiv. MidHG. mistel, OHG. mistil, m., ‘mistletoe’: comp. AS. mistel, E. mistle, OIc. mistelteinn, ‘mistletoe.’ An OTeut. word not derived