Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/293

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in meaning is similar to that of hell; MidHG. brëhen, ‘to light, shine,’ may also have exercised some influence, as well as ModHG. prangen, the abstract of which could only be a form identical with Pracht. OHG. and OSax. braht, ‘noise,’ like the equiv. AS. breahtm, may be traced to a Teut. root ƀrah, ‘to make a noise.’

prägen, vb., ‘to stamp, impress,’ from the equiv. MidHG. prœchen, brœchen, which come from*brâhhjan, a derivative of brechen?. Akin to MidHG. brœch, ‘stamp, impression.’

prahlen, vb., ‘to parade, vaunt, boast,’ from MidHG. prâlen, ‘to make a noisy parade, shout’; comp. the equiv. Du. brallen and pralen, as well as E. to brawl. Its connection with Fr. brailer, ‘to bawl,’ and W. bragal, ‘to brag, bawl,’ is uncertain.

Prahm, m., ‘ferryboat, punt,’ ModHG. only, borrowed from LG.; comp. Du. praam, ‘transport,’ Dan. pram, OIc. prámr, E. prame. The whole of the cognates are derived from Slav.; comp. Slav. pramŭ, which is connected with the Aryan root par, ‘to carry across,’ preserved in HG. fahren (OHG. faran).

prallen, vb., ‘to strike, rebound,’ from MidHG. pręllen (pret. pralte), ‘to strike violently against, recoil.’ Further references are wanting.

prangen, vb., ‘to make a parade, display,’ from MidHG. prangen, brangen, ‘to adorn oneself, boast’ (comp. Pracht); origin obscure. Its relation to the following word is uncertain.

Pranger, m., from the equiv. MidHG. pranger, branger, m., ‘stocks, pillory.’ It is impossible to regard this word as a euphemistic term connected with prangen, on account of Du. prang, ‘pressure, oppression,’ prangen, ‘to press, squeeze,’ pranger, ‘iron collar, barnacles, cooper's hook,’ E. dial. prong, ‘fork.’ These words show that LG. Pranger (the HG. dials. have Pfranger) is connected with Goth. praggan, MidHG. pfrengen, ‘to crowd, oppress.’ The further history of the word is obscure.

prasseln, vb., ‘to crackle, rustle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. prasteln, brasteln, OHG. *brastalôn; comp. the equiv. AS. brastlian. These words are connected, like MidHG. brasten, OHG. brastôn, ‘to crack,’ with the OHG. str. vb. brëstan, MidHG. brësten, ‘to break.’

prassen, vb., ‘to riot, carouse,’ ModHG. only, from Du. brassen, ‘to gorman-

dise’ (akin to bras, ‘feast’). OIc. brass, ‘cook,’ and brasa, ‘glowing coal’ (comp. OFr. brese, Prov. brasa), may be connected with it.

predigen, vb., ‘to preach,’ from the equiv. MidHG. prędigen, brędigen, OHG. prędigôn, brędigôn (brêdiôn); corresponding to OSax. prędigôn, Du. prediken. Borrowed in the OHG. period from the ecclesiastical Lat. and Rom. prœdicâre (Fr. prêcher, whence E. preach, Ital. predicare), from which OIr. pridchim, ‘I preach,’ is also derived. —

Predigt, f., ‘sermon’; UpG. Predig; MidHG. brędige, brędigât, OHG. brędiga (brędia) and brędigunga.

Preis, m., ‘price, cost, prize, reward,’ from MidHG. prîs (brîs), m., ‘praise, splendour, noble deed’; borrowed in the 12th cent. from OFr. prîs (ModFr. prix), whence also E. price, prize, Du. prijs. The ultimate source is Lat. prĕtium (whence also Ital. prezzo). The expression preisgeben has nothing to do with this word, but is due rather to the equiv. Ital. dar presa; Ital. presa (equiv. to Fr. prise), ‘seizure, booty catch,’ may be traced back to Lat. prœhendere. Comp. further preisen.

Preiselbeere, f., ‘cranberry,’ ModHG. only; the dial. variants Preusel-, Praus-, Brausbeere seem to indicate a MidHG. *briuȥelbere; their relation to the equiv. Bohem. brusina, bruslina, Lith. brùknė, Lett. brūklene is not quite clear.

preisen, vb., ‘to praise, commend,’ from MidHG. prîsen, wk. vb., ‘to assign the prize, praise, extol’ (in the 15th cent. it passed over to the str. vbs.); formed from Fr. priser, ‘to value, estimate’ (comp. Ital. prezzare, MidLat. prĕtiare), whence Du. prijzen, E. to praise. With regard to the period at which the word was borrowed comp. Preis.

prellen, vb., ‘to swindle, cheat,’ lit. ‘to squeeze, push’; prop. identical with ModHG. prallen, which see.

Presse, f., ‘press, pressure, strait, printing-press’; from Fr. presse; MidHG. prësse, OHG. prëssa (pfrëssa), ‘winepress,’ is like the equiv. AS. presse (persa), Du. presse, an earlier loan-word from MidLat. pressa. MidHG. prësse, ‘crowd, throng,’ is connected with the equiv. Fr. presse.

Priamel, f., from the equiv. late MidHG. preambel, priamel, ‘a short gnomic poem,’ which is derived from MidLat. praeambulam, ‘proverb.’

prickeln, vb., ‘to prick, goad,’ ModHG.