| is shown by Du. pols, E. pulse, Fr. pouls, Ital. polso, &c., to be a common term in medicine in the Middle Ages,
Pult, m. and n., ‘desk, writing-desk,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. pult, n., with the older variants pulpt, pulpet, pulpit. A later loan-word from Lat. pulpĭtum, ‘wooden platform,’ whence also Ital. pulpito, ‘pulpit,’ Fr. pupitre, ‘desk’ (E. pulpit). Pulver, n., ‘powder, gunpowder,’ from MidHG. pulver, m. and n., ‘dust, ashes’ (also in the 15th cent. ‘gunpowder’). From Lat. pulver (Fr. poudre, Ital. polvere). Pumpe (East MidG. variant Plumpe), f., ‘pump,’ ModHG. only, prop. a LG. word; comp. the equiv. Du. pomp, E. pump. The further history of the word is obscure. Puppe, f., ‘puppet, doll,’ even in late MidHG. puppe, boppe, from the equiv. Lat. |
pûpa, whence also Fr. poupée, ‘puppet,’ poupon, ‘chubby child’ (from which Du. pop and E. puppet are formed).
pur, adj., ‘pure, downright, mere,’ ModHG. only, from Lat. purus. purzeln, vb., ‘to tumble head over heels’ Alem. bürzle seems to suggest that this word is connected with Bürzel. pusten, vb., ‘to blow, puff,’ ModHG. only, prop. a LG. word; the strictly HG. forms are seen in MidHG. pfûsen, ‘to sneeze, snort,’ and pfiusel, ‘catarrh’ Akin to E. pose, ‘catarrh’?. Pute, f., ‘turkey-hen,’ ModHG. only, perhaps a subst. form of the cry of the bird. Its connection with E. pout (Turkey-pout) is not clear. putzen, vb., ‘to deck, dress, polish,’ from late MidHG. butzen, ‘to adorn.’ |
Q.
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quabbeln, vb., ‘to shake or tremble’ (of fat and jelly), ModHG. only, orig. a LG. word, which is usually derived from LG. quabbel (Du. kwabbe), ‘dewlap.’ Quacksalber, m., ‘quack’; ModHG. only; orig. a LG. word; corresponding to E. quack, Du. kwakzalver, a compound of zalf, ‘salve’ (comp. OHG. salbâni, ‘seller of ointment, physician’). The first part of the compound seems to come from the vb. quaken (which see), ‘to boast’; hence Quacksalber, ‘boasting physician’?. Quader, m., ‘squared stone,’ from the equiv. MidHG. quâder, m. and n., which is based on Lat. quā̆drum, ‘square,’ or rather quā̆drus (scil. lapis), ‘square stone.’ Comp. Ital. quadro, ‘square,’ Prov. caire, ‘square stone’ (Ital. quadrello, Fr. carreau). quaken, vb., ‘to quack, croak,’ ModHG. only, orig. a LG. word; comp. Du. kwaken, ‘to croak,’ to which kwakken, ‘to make a noise,’ is allied, E. to quack. A late onomatopoetic term. Qual, f., ‘torment, pain,’ from MidHG. quâl, quâle (kále), OHG. and OSax. quâla, f., ‘anguish, torture’; comp. Du. kwaal, ‘pain,’ AS. cwalu, ‘violent death.’ To this word is allied a str. root vb. OHG. quëlan (MidHG. quëln), ‘to be in violent pain’ (AS. cwëlan, ‘to die’), of which the factitive is ModHG. quälen, MidHG. quęln, OHG. quęllen (from *qualljan), ‘to torture, |
torment to death.’ The Teut. root qel (qal) is primit. connected with Lith. gelti, ‘to prick’ (gélia, ‘it pains’), gėlà, ‘pain,’ OSlov. žalĭ, ‘hurt’ (Aryan root gē̆l).
Qualm, m., ‘vapour,’ ModHG. only, formed from the equiv. LG. and Du. kwalm, the early history of which is obscure. It is identical probably with MidHG. twalm, ‘stupor, faint.’ Quappe, f., ‘eel-pout, tadpole,’ ModHG. only, from LG. in which the OLG. word quappa occurs (comp. Du. kwab); the latter is primit. allied to OPruss. gabawo, ‘toad,’ OSlov. żaba (from the prim. form *gêba), ‘frog.’ The assumption that the word is borrowed from Lat. capito is less probable. Quark, m., ‘curds, filth,’ from late MidHG. twarc (g), quarc (zwarc), ‘whey cheese,’ which is usually connected with MidHG. twërn, ‘to turn, stir, mix.’ It is more probably related to the equiv. Slav. cognates; comp. Russ. tvarogŭ, Pol. tvarog. Since Quark first appears in late MidHG., and is unknown to the other Teut. languages, it may be assumed that it was borrowed from Slav. Comp. Quirl. Quart, n., ‘quart, quarto,’ from MidHG. quart, f. and n., ‘fourth part of anything’; formed like Du. kwart and E. quart from the Rom. cognates, Ital. quarto, Fr. quart. Quarz, m., ‘quartz,’ from the equiv. MidHG. quarz; its relation to Du. kwarts, |
